摘要
Abstract
The growing demand for large-scale thick-walled structural components in critical sectors such as nuclear energy and aerospace has exposed significant limitations in conventional welding technologies for thick plate joining,particularly regarding excessive heat input,low efficiency,and inherent process constraints.To address these challenges,narrow-gap welding(NGW)technology has demonstrated substantial advantages through optimized groove design,effectively reducing both filler material consumption and thermal input.The developed narrow-gap laser welding(NGLW)technology,which in-tegrates laser heat sources,synergistically combines the benefits of both NGW and laser welding processes.This innovative approach significantly enhances the weldable thickness limit of laser-based techniques while enabling precise compositional control of weld metal through filler wire integration,thereby effectively improving the mechanical properties of welded joints.An overview was provided on the technological advancements of thick-plate narrow-gap laser autogenous welding and narrow-gap laser welding(NGLW).The formation mechanisms of defects in NGLW,including pore formation and lack-of-fusion imperfections,were systematically analyzed.Corresponding strategies for weld quality regulation were proposed through three approaches:optimization of welding parameters,refinement of groove geometry design,and implementation of auxiliary process interventions.Finally,a comprehensive summary was presented regarding current research progress in NGLW technology,accompanied by prospective insights into future development directions in this field.关键词
窄间隙激光焊/焊接工艺/气孔缺陷/侧壁未熔合/质量调控Key words
Narrow gap laser welding/welding process/porosity defect/sidewall unfused/quality control分类
矿业与冶金
