中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科2025，Vol.32Issue(6)：371-375,5.DOI:10.16066/j.1672-7002.2025.06.007
北京地区门诊患者气道过敏性疾病致敏谱变化
Changes in the sensitization spectrum of airway allergic diseases among outpatients in Beijing area
摘要
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the dynamic changes of inhalant allergen sensitization profiles in patients with allergic rhinitis,asthma and allergic rhinitis combined with asthma in the Beijing area.METHODS A retrospective study was conducted on patients with allergic rhinitis,asthma,and allergic rhinitis combined with asthma who visited the Allergy Department of Beijing Shijitan Hospital from January 2021 to December 2024.All patients underwent skin prick tests for 27 inhalant allergens.RESULTS A total of 28 454 patients were included.The overall positive rate of SPT was 74.21%,with the highest positive rate in the 10-14 age group(84.09%).Spring pollen and summer-autumn pollen were the main allergens,with higher positive rates than dust mites and molds(P<0.05).Juniperus chinensis was the main sensitization in patients with allergic rhinitis,while in patients with allergic rhinitis combined with asthma,sensitization to weeds such as Chenopodium album,Humulus scandens,and Artemisia sieversiana were more common.In recent years,the positive rates of sensitization to spring pollen,summer-autumn pollen,and molds all showed an upward trend(P<0.05),with the most significant increase in molds.CONCLUSION In the Beijing area,pollen,dust mites and mold are the main allergens in spring and autumn.In recent years,the sensitization rates of Juniperus chinensis and Artemisia sieversiana pollen have decreased,but the positive rate of mold sensitization has been on the rise,which still needs to be taken seriously.关键词
鼻炎,过敏/哮喘症/变应原/花粉Key words
Rhinitis/Allergic/Asthma/Allergens/Pollen引用本文复制引用
洪丹,程梓鹭,王向东,王学艳,马婷婷..北京地区门诊患者气道过敏性疾病致敏谱变化[J].中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,2025,32(6):371-375,5.基金项目
北京世纪坛医院院内基金(2022-C08) （2022-C08）
鄂尔多斯市科技计划"揭榜挂帅"项目(JBGS-2021-006) （JBGS-2021-006）
内蒙古自治区卫生健康委2023年首府地区公立医院高水平临床专科建设项目之科技项目(2023SGGZ027) （2023SGGZ027）
2024年首都卫生发展科研专项自主创新项目(首发2024-2-2089) （首发2024-2-2089）
