渔业研究2025，Vol.47Issue(4)：408-420,13.DOI:10.14012/j.jfr.2025014
梭子蟹科线粒体基因组特征与系统发育遗传分析
Mitochondrial genome characteristics and phylogenetic analysis in Portunidae
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]Mitochondrial genes have been proven to be highly effective and precise tools for spe-cies identification,origin tracing,and evolutionary research.Although complete mitochondrial genomes of 23 species in Portunidae have been sequenced,comparative genomic analyses of mitochondrial genome character-istics and phylogenetic relationships within this family remain limited.This study aims to investigate the mito-chondrial genome features of species in Portunidae,identify molecular markers suitable for rapid species identi-fication,and elucidate the phylogenetic relationships within the family.[Methods]Comparative genomics ap-proaches were applied to analyze the complete mitochondrial genomes of 23 species in Portunidae.Polymorphic site analysis was conducted to screen molecular markers for rapid species identification.Phylogenetic trees were reconstructed using maximum likelihood(ML)and Bayesian inference(BI)based on nucleotide sequences of 13 protein-coding genes(PCGs),alongside divergence time estimation.[Results]The mitochondrial genomes of species in Portunidae exhibited high structural conservation with no gene rearrangements and significant AT bi-as.Selection pressure analysis revealed that all 13 PCGs underwent purifying selection.Polymorphic site ana-lysis identified nad5,nad4,and rrnL as ideal molecular markers for rapid species identification due to their longer sequence lengths and higher proportions of variable sites.Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated mono-phyly in seven genera,including Lissocarcinus and Lupocycloporus.Notably,Thalamita sima clustered more closely with Charybdis than with its nominal genus Thalamita,a result supported by genetic distance analysis.Divergence time estimation suggested that species in Portunidae originated no later than the Triassic period,with Lissocarcinus representing an ancient lineage,while most extant species diverged during the Paleogene.[Conclusions]The mitochondrial genomes of 23 species in Portunidae species are evolutionarily conserved.The nad5,nad4,and rrnL genes serve as effective molecular markers for rapid species identification,and the genus Thalamita exhibits non-monophyletic clustering in the phylogenetic tree.The study provides crucial the-oretical foundations and datasets for rapid species identification,evolutionary studies,and divergence time es-timation in Portunidae,advancing the understanding of their phylogenetic framework and evolutionary history.关键词
梭子蟹科/线粒体基因/系统发育/分歧时间Key words
Portunidae/mitochondrial gene/phylogeny/divergence time分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
张茜茜,朱志煌,王健鑫,石戈,林琪..梭子蟹科线粒体基因组特征与系统发育遗传分析[J].渔业研究,2025,47(4):408-420,13.基金项目
福建省海洋服务与渔业高质量发展专项(FJHY-YYKJ-2022-1-7) （FJHY-YYKJ-2022-1-7）
厦门市海洋与渔业发展专项资金青年科技创新项目(23YYST0710CA14) （23YYST0710CA14）
福建省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项(2024R1013007) （2024R1013007）
