风景园林2025，Vol.32Issue(8)：12-21,10.DOI:10.3724/j.fjyl.LA20250190
气候变化和人类活动对2000-2022年长江流域植被覆盖时空变化的影响
Effects of Climate Change and Human Activities on the Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Vegetation Coverage in the Yangtze River Basin from 2000 to 2022
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]Vegetation is an important component of terrestrial ecosystems and a key regulator of the climate system.The Yangtze River Basin is an important economic center and key ecological zone in China.Its vegetation status is crucial to maintaining China's ecological security and supporting regional coordinated development across the country.There is still a lack of comprehensive and consistent understanding of the spatial differences,driving factors,and relative contributions of vegetation coverage changes in the Yangtze River Basin.Researching the impact of climate change and human activities on the spatiotemporal changes in vegetation coverage in the Yangtze River Basin has important practical significance for developing ecological protection and restoration strategies for the Yangtze River Basin in accordance with local and temporal conditions,and for scientifically coordinating the synergistic relationship between natural restoration and artificial restoration. [Methods]Based on long-term time series data on meteorology,normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI),and land use/cover,the spatiotemporal dynamics of vegetation coverage and influencing factors of NDVI in the Yangtze River Basin from 2000 to 2022 are studied using methods such as Sen's Slope,Mann-Kendall significance test,partial correlation analysis,and the relative contributions of climate change and human activities to vegetation coverage changes are quantified using residual analysis. [Results]From 2000 to 2022,the overall vegetation coverage in the Yangtze River Basin has been good,with an average NDVI value of 0.741.The NDVI in most regions is above 0.5,roughly showing a spatial distribution pattern of"high in the middle and low in the east and west".Affected by factors such as climate change and human activities,the NDVI has a fluctuating upward trend,with a slope of 0.001,9/a,less than the national vegetation greenness increase rate of 0.002,4.The spatial distribution pattern shows the characteristic that"NDVI has increased significantly in most regions in the middle reaches,while decreased in the urbanized regions in the upper and lower reaches".The areas of regions where climate change has a positive and negative effect on the change of NDVI in the Yangtze River Basin account for 78.33%and 21.67%,respectively.From a single factor perspective,the regions where rising temperature and increased precipitation have a positive effect on NDVI account for 68.42%and 71.89%of the total land area of the Yangtze River Basin,respectively.Overall,the center of the regions where precipitation and NDVI are significantly positively correlated has shifted westward relative to temperature.The contribution of human activities to the trend of NDVI changes in the Yangtze River Basin reaches 64.90%,while the contribution of climate factors to the trend of NDVI changes reaches 35.10%.Except for the region above Shigu in the Jinsha River,the Mintuo River,and the subarctic zone of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,the driving effect of human activities on NDVI is greater than that of climate change in most regions. [Conclusion]In the implementation of future ecological projects,it is necessary to properly handle the relationship between natural restoration and artificial restoration.In regions of the Yangtze River Basin where ecological damage is relatively light and self-recovery capacity is relatively strong,we should actively adopt nature-based solutions and focus on natural restoration.We should strictly implement closed protection and expand the proportion of natural recovery regions.Human activities have both positive and negative effects on the trend of NDVI changes,with the area of regions with positive effect from human activities greater than that of regions with negative effect.In the future,in regions where the damaged ecosystem is difficult to rely on natural conditions for short-term recovery and where the water and heat conditions are good,we must focus on the coordinated improvement of the"ecological-economic-social"benefits and carry out ecological engineering construction sustainably.Moreover,the implementation of ecological projects must respect the zonal distribution laws of the natural environment,the laws of ecosystem succession,etc.,adhere to the principles of quality first and stability first,and scientifically evaluate the planting suitability of regional zonal vegetation.关键词
生态系统评估/影响因素/生态保护修复/长江流域/归一化植被指数Key words
ecosystem assessment/influencing factor/ecological protection and restoration/Yangtze River Basin/normalized difference vegetation index分类
建筑与水利引用本文复制引用
刘国波,刘桂环,文一惠,华妍妍..气候变化和人类活动对2000-2022年长江流域植被覆盖时空变化的影响[J].风景园林,2025,32(8):12-21,10.基金项目
"十四五"国家重点研发计划"区域生态产品核算技术方法与价值实现机制"项目"生态产品开发技术与市场化交易模式"(编号2022YFF1301804) （编号2022YFF1301804）
