工程研究——跨学科视野中的工程2025，Vol.17Issue(4)：429-445,17.DOI:10.3724/j.issn.1674-4969.20240109
中空微球结构设计与性能调控研究进展
Advances in Structural Design and Performance Regulation of Hollow Microspheres
摘要
Abstract
As an important part of lightweight functional powder materials,hollow microspheres have gained much attention in the fields of scientific research and technological development.Since the integrity and survival of the hollow structure during processing and application become the key factors for the use of materials,it is crucial to develop hollow microspheres combining low density,functionality and high stability. In this paper,the research on functional hollow microspheres have been reviewed,starting from the basic concepts,classifications,such as inorganic hollow microspheres,organic hollow microspheres,inorganic/polymer composite hollow microspheres.Besides,review of synthetic methods,such as hard/soft template,Ostwald ripening and spray drying,to better guide the structural design and modulation of hollow microspheres.As we know,the particle size,shell composition and microstructure of hollow microspheres play a decisive role in their density,structural strength and functionality,so that the theoretical and methodological studies on the related design and regulation have attracted a lot of attention.To achieve lightweight and high reinforcement of hollow microsphere materials,the recent advances in the multiscale design of the microstructures and the efficient molding of the hollow microspheres have been emphasized.In order to modify and regulate the composition and structure of hollow microsphere shells,pre-synthesis and post-synthesis treatments have been introduce in a large amount of literature.In particular,post-synthetic treatments,like calcination,can cause a shift in material properties.After the hollow microspheres are prepared and molded,they are generally in a powder state and generally need to be compounded with a polymer matrix when used.Optimizing the bonding at the interface between microspheres and matrix can effectively improve the mechanical properties of composites.After reviewing the above process,the structural design and control of lightweight and high-strength hollow microspheres have begun to take shape.However,there is still limited research in this field.This review aims to deepen the understanding and discussion of the lightweight and high-strength properties of hollow microspheres,and prompt the emergence of more related studies.关键词
中空微球/球壳结构/轻量化/分区设计/结构稳定性/性能调控Key words
hollow microspheres/shell structure/lightweight/divisional design/structural stability/functionality regulation分类
通用工业技术引用本文复制引用
程光彦,武虹秀,李曼,刘冉,安振国,张敬杰..中空微球结构设计与性能调控研究进展[J].工程研究——跨学科视野中的工程,2025,17(4):429-445,17.基金项目
航天低温推进剂技术国家重点实验室基金(SKLTSCP202202) （SKLTSCP202202）
国家自然科学基金项目(51872298) （51872298）
