工程研究——跨学科视野中的工程2025，Vol.17Issue(4)：475-489,15.DOI:10.3724/j.issn.1674-4969.20240049
地铁盾构法隧道施工事故特征与原因分析
Analysis of Characteristics and Causes of Subway Shield Tunnel Construction Accidents
摘要
Abstract
There are generally three construction methods commonly used in subway tunnels:open cut method,mining method,and shield tunneling method.Because of the unique advantages of shield tunneling method in urban construction,shield tunneling method is the most widely used construction method for subway tunnels.Due to the complex hydrogeological conditions and high uncertainty and difficulty of shield tunneling construction,multiple construction risks are superimposed,resulting in frequent subway shield tunneling construction accidents.In order to have a clear understanding of the characteristics and basic causes of common shield tunneling construction accidents in subway construction,and to improve the understanding and efficiency of on-site construction safety management,this paper collected 76 subway shield tunneling civil construction related accidents from 1997 to 2022.Firstly,statistical analysis was used to statistically analyze the five accident characteristics of accident category,accident grade,accident occurrence stage,accident occurrence time and accident occurrence operation process.Secondly,the accident category was associated with three characteristics:number of casualties,construction stage,and accident occurrence time period.Finally,vehicle injury and collapse were used as examples to analyze the risk factors of accident causes.Through analysis,it is found that there are 11 common types of accidents in shield construction production safety accidents,about 80%of which are concentrated in four types of accidents:vehicle injuries,collapses,mechanical injuries,and object strikes.These accidents often occur repeatedly in eight processes:horizontal transportation,vertical transportation,opening operation,propulsion operation,segment assembly operation,dredging and cleaning equipment,shield machine receiving,contact channel excavation and initial support.The causes of accidents can be classified into four aspects:operators,mechanical equipment,institutional supervision,and working environment,which have high similarity.The research findings of this paper not only help to improve people's overall understanding of shield construction accidents,but also grasp the basic laws of the frequency proportion,casualty loss and time distribution of 11 common types of accidents in shield construction on a macro level.It can also provide some enlightenment and guidance for the safety management practice of on-site construction.For example,in the field construction,the supervision of eight key construction processes such as horizontal transportation,opening operation and propulsion operation of battery car should be strengthened,so as to avoid the occurrence of four types of accidents,such as vehicle injury,collapse,mechanical injury and object strike,so as to avoid 80%of the accidents.In addition,the research in this paper is limited to objective conditions and only collects 76 accidents related to shield tunneling civil construction.However,from the reality,the number of shield tunneling production safety accidents is far more than that.The acquisition of these data requires the help of the government and enterprises.It is hoped that in the future,a subway construction accident case library with sufficient sample size and reliable quality of accident investigation reports can be established for scholars and subway construction practitioners to study and use,so as to formulate more targeted subway construction safety risk control measures.关键词
地铁隧道/盾构施工/地铁事故/统计分析/事故特征/事故原因Key words
subway tunnel/shield construction/subway accident/statistical analysis/accident characteristics/accident reason分类
交通工程引用本文复制引用
王鹏飞,朱建明,黄钧,刘小铭..地铁盾构法隧道施工事故特征与原因分析[J].工程研究——跨学科视野中的工程,2025,17(4):475-489,15.基金项目
国家自然科学基金面上项目(72074203) （72074203）
