老年人群高尿酸血症及痛风发病影响因素研究进展OA

With the accelerating pace of population aging,the prevalence of hyperuricemia(HUA)and gout in elderly populations has risen significantly,emerging as a critical public health concern.This article provides a systematic review of the multiple influencing factors and their interactive mechanisms in the pathogenesis of HUA and gout among the elderly.The development of HUA and gout in the elderly populations is closely linked to genetic predisposition,metabolic abnormalities(such as insulin resistance and dyslipidemia),lifestyle(high-purine diet,alcohol intake,physical inactivity),comorbid conditions(hypertension,chronic kidney disease,obesity),and medication use(diuretics,immunosuppressants).Among these,age-related renal dysfunction and reduced uric acid excretion capacity constitute the core pathophysiological basis for the high prevalence of HUA in older individuals.Recent studies highlight that the interaction between environmental factors(seasonal variations,air pollution)and genetic factors(polymorphisms in ABCG2 and SLC2A9 genes)further amplifies disease risk in the elderly.Considering the unique characteristics of elderly patients,a stratified management strategy is advocated,integrating the principles of precision medicine to optimize lifestyle modifications,pharmacotherapy selection,and comorbidity management.Future research should delve into aging-associated molecular mechanisms,novel biomarkers,and targeted therapeutic strategies to provide references for personalized prevention and treatment of HUA and gout in elderly population.