寒旱农业科学2025，Vol.4Issue(7)：617-622,6.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2097-2172.2025.07.005
氮肥后移对沿黄灌区制种玉米产量和土壤硝态氮分布的影响
Effects of Postponing Nitrogen Fertilizer Application on Seed Maize Yield and Nitrate Nitrogen Distribution in the Irrigation Region along the Yellow River
摘要
Abstract
To provide scientific evidence for high yield and efficient nitrogen use in seed maize production under drip irrigation in the irrigation region along the Yellow River,a nitrogen management experiment was conducted under a total N application rate of 225 kg/ha.Farmer's conventional fertilization(30%∶0∶30%∶30%∶10%at basal,jointing,large bell,tasselingsilking,and filling stages).was used as control.3 treatments were designed with nitrogen allocation ratios of 15%∶15%∶30%∶20%∶20%,0∶30%∶30%∶20%∶20%,and 0∶0∶50%∶30%∶20%(basal fertilizer∶jointing stage∶big trumpet stage:tasseling and silking stage∶filling stage),respectively.Nitrate nitrogen concentration in 0 to 100 cm soil layer and seed yield,along with major agronomic traits,were measured at pre-sowing,big trumpet,tasseling-silking,and harvest stages.Results showed that,compared to the conventional fertilization practice,the 0∶30%∶30%∶20%∶20%treatment significantly increased the seed yield by 57.92%and partial factor productivity of nitrogen fertilizer by 58.15%.Kernel weight per ear was significantly and positively correlated with yield,while stem diameter and ear length showed no significant differences.At tasseling stage,nitrate nitrogen content in the 0 to 20 cm soil layer increased by 74.77%,whereas that in the 60 to 100 cm layer decreased significantly by 66.65%to 81.81%,indicating reduced nitrogen leaching risk.Therefore,in the irrigation region along the Yellow River,postponing nitrogen application to the jointing stage with an allocation of 0:30%:30%:20%:20%can significantly enhance seed maize yield and nitrogen use efficiency while reducing nitrate nitrogen residue in deep soil layers.关键词
氮肥后移/制种玉米/硝态氮分布/氮盈余/氮肥偏生产力Key words
Delayed nitrogen application/Seed maize/Nitrate nitrogen distribution/Nitrogen surplus/Partial factor produc-tivity of nitrogen fertilizer分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
崔云玲,郑浩飞,孙和折,张立勤,吴正强,包会存..氮肥后移对沿黄灌区制种玉米产量和土壤硝态氮分布的影响[J].寒旱农业科学,2025,4(7):617-622,6.基金项目
甘肃农业科技支撑项目(KJZC-2024-19) （KJZC-2024-19）
国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0200404). （2016YFD0200404）
