南方农业学报2025，Vol.56Issue(5)：1351-1360,10.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1191.2025.05.001
3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶基因OsGAPC3超表达对水稻产量和稻米品质的影响
Effects of overexpression of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene OsGAPC3 on rice yield and quality
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]To reveal the effects of 3-phosphoglyceraldehyde dehydrogenase gene(OsGAPC3)overex-pression(OX)on rice growth and development as well as rice quality,which could provide genetic resources for the mo-lecular design breeding of new varieties of high-quality and high-yield rice.[Method]OsGAPC3 overexpression trans-genic strain was created based on japonica rice Zhonghua 11.Statistical analysis was conducted on the agronomic traits and related yield traits of transgenic positive strains overexpressing OsGAPC3 and their negative strains.The differences in chalkiness in different parts of rice grain slices were observed using a optical microscope,and the chalkiness area of rice was recorded.The chalkiness degree of rice was calculated,and the quality traits(nutritional quality,appearance quality,cooking taste quality and processing quality)of transgenic rice overexpressing OsGAPC3 were detected and ana-lyzed.The transcription levels of OsGAPC3 and amino acid permease(OsAAP6)genes in transgenic strains overexpre-ssing OsGAPC3 were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.[Result]Three independent transgenic positive strains overexpressing OsGAPC3 gene were obtained[OsGAPC3(OX)-1,OsGAPC3(OX)-2,OsGAPC3(OX)-3)].The expression level of OsGAPC3 gene in OsGAPC3 overexpressing transgenic positive plants(T1 generation)was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.The results showed that the relative expression level of OsGAPC3 gene in the 3 positive strains was extremely significantly higher than that in the negative strains(P<0.001).Compared with the nega-tive strains,the positive strains(T1 generation)showed extremely significant increase in tiller numbers(P<0.01)and sig-nificant decrease in the number of spikelets per spike(P<0.05,the same below).There were no significant differences in plant height,seed setting rate,thousand grain weight,and yield per plant(P>0.05,the same below).The chalkiness rate significantly decreased,while the chalkiness area,chalkiness degree and grain type did not show significant changes.The content of amylose was extremely significantly reduced(P<0.01),and the rate of whole rice was significantly increased.There were no significant changes in total amino acid content,total starch content,free fatty acid content,gel consis-tency,gelatinization temperature,taste value,brown rice rate and milled rice rate.Compared with the negative strain,there was no significant difference in the relative expression level of OsAAP6 gene among the 3 transgenic positive strains overexpressing OsGAPC3.[Conclusion]Overexpression of OsGAPC3 gene can significantly improve the appearance and processing quality of rice,without affecting its rice nutritional quality and yield per plant.The OsGAPC3 gene positively regulates rice tillering and can be used for research on rice growth and development,especially in high-yield variety breeding.关键词
水稻/OsGAPC3基因/稻米品质/生长发育Key words
rice/OsGAPC3 gene/rice nutritional quality/growth and development分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
彭波,汪全秀,刘岩,孙艳芳,张巧玉,黄雅琴,张志国,申关望,祁玉良,王禹鉴..3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶基因OsGAPC3超表达对水稻产量和稻米品质的影响[J].南方农业学报,2025,56(5):1351-1360,10.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(U2004141,12305399) （U2004141,12305399）
河南省科技研发计划联合基金(应用攻关)项目(242103810019) （应用攻关）
信阳市科技攻关项目(2023025) National Natural Science Foundation of China(U2004141,12305399) （2023025）
Henan Science and Tech-nology Research and Development Plan Joint Fund(Application Breakthrough)Project(242103810019) （Application Breakthrough）
Xinyang Science and Technology Research Project(2023025) （2023025）
