南方农业学报2025，Vol.56Issue(5)：1379-1389,11.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1191.2025.05.003
基于SNP分子标记的128份糯玉米种质遗传多样性和类群结构分析
Genetic diversity and population structure of 128 waxy maize germplasms based on SNP molecular markers
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]To explore the genetic diversity and population structure of waxy maize germplasm of different genotypes,which could provide references for the innovative utilization of waxy maize germplasm in Guangxi.[Method]In this study,128 waxy maize germplasms were scanned by 10K microarray to analyze their genetic diversity and popula-tion structure.And the 13 traits of plant,flowering and ears were investigated,the differences among the different germ-plasm populations were analyzed.[Result]A total of 7561 SNP molecular markers basically evenly covered the entire maize genome.The main allele frequencies(MAF)ranged from 0.500 to 0.969,with an average of 0.702.The genetic di-versity(GD)ranged from 0.061 to 0.500,with an average of 0.388.The content of polymorphic information(PIC)ranged from 0.059 to 0.375,with an average of 0.307.Cluster analysis and PCoA analysis divided the 128 waxy maize germplasms into 3 populations,namely local germplasm population,Jingke-Zhongnuo population and local waxy popula-tion.The GD of the local germplasm population and the local waxy population were 0.354 and 0.343 respectively,and the PIC were 0.282 and 0.280 respectively,which were lower than the GD(0.377)and PIC(0.298)of the Jingke-Zhongnuo population,indicating that the genetic diversity of the local germplasm population and local waxy population was rela-tively low.Moreover,the results of population classification had certain geographical and ecological regional characteris-tics;sweet waxy maize and waxy maize were classified in the same population because sweet waxy maize was a new type of fresh maize selected from waxy maize.The results of molecular analysis of variance(AMOVA)showed that there were obvious genetic variations among different populations,accounting for 10.8%of the total genetic variations.The genetic variations among inbred lines were 73.1%,and those within inbred lines were 16.1%.The results of the correlation analy-sis showed that the flowering period had a relatively prominent negative regulatory effect on Jingke-Zhongnuo population germplasms,while the plant traits such as plant height and ear height had a greater positive regulatory effect on the local waxy population germplasm.For the temperate germplasms of Jingke-Zhongnuo population,the delay of flowering pe-riod had negative regulation effect the traits of male flowers and the traits of panicles such as ear row number and ear dia-meter.This might be the result of the influence of the subtropical ecological climate environment on the temperate blood-line germplasm.For local waxy tropical germplasms,plant height and ear height had greater positive regulatory effect on ear row number and grains numbers per row.However,an excessively high ear height couold also easily lead to a de-crease in the yield trait of ear diameter.[Conclusion]There are certain differences in the genetic diversity among different types of waxy maize germplasms,which have certain geographical and ecological regional characteristics,and there are also obvious differences in the correlation and interaction mechanism of plant,flowering and ear traits.关键词
糯玉米/遗传多样性/SNP分子标记Key words
waxy maize/genetic diversity/SNP molecular markers分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
钟昌松,黄安霞,方辉,卢生乔,覃宏宇,陈坤,周锦国,弓雪,张述宽,刘亚利..基于SNP分子标记的128份糯玉米种质遗传多样性和类群结构分析[J].南方农业学报,2025,56(5):1379-1389,11.基金项目
广西自然科学基金项目(2022GXNSFAA035602) （2022GXNSFAA035602）
广西科技重大专项(桂科AA22068095-1) （桂科AA22068095-1）
广西农业科学院科技发展基金项目(桂农科2021JM45,桂农科2021JM41) Guangxi Natural Science Foundation(2022GXNSFAA035602) （桂农科2021JM45,桂农科2021JM41）
Guangxi Science and Techno-logy Major Project(Guike AA22068095-1) （Guike AA22068095-1）
Science and Technology Development Project of Guangxi Academy of Agri-cultural Sciences(Guinongke 2021JM45,Guinongke 2021JM41) （Guinongke 2021JM45,Guinongke 2021JM41）
