耕作与栽培2025，Vol.45Issue(5)：31-37,7.
冬季覆盖作物对土壤水分和春玉米产量的影响
Effects of Winter Cover Crops on Soil Moisture and Spring Maize Yield
摘要
Abstract
To investigate the impacts of winter cover crops on soil water storage capacity and subsequent spring maize yield in black loessial soil of the Longdong dryland region,three treatments were established with winter rapeseed(Brassica camp-estris),hairy vetch(Vicia villosa),and plastic film mulching.The results showed that,at the regreening stage,the control(ck)showed 9.4%-14.8%significant reduction in 0-40 cm soil moisture compared to sowing,while plastic film,rapeseed and vetch maintained stable moisture.All treatments increased 60-100 cm moisture by-0.2%-16.2%.By the bud stage,ck,rape-seed and vetch reduced 0-60 cm moisture by 6.1%-29.3%,whereas plastic film increased 60-100 cm moisture by 10.6%-13.9%without affecting upper layers.At regreening,rapeseed and vetch improved 0-100 cm moisture by 3.2%-15.1%versus ck,but showed 5.0%-6.1%lower moisture than plastic film in 60-100 cm.At budding,their 0-40 cm moisture was 6.3%-27.0%lower than both ck and plastic film,while 40-100 cm moisture showed no difference with ck but was 7.8%-11.1%lower than plastic film.Vetch produced greater shoot biomass(bud stage)while rapeseed maintained higher root biomass across growth stages.Maize yield increased significantly by 38.1%(vetch)and 24.8%(rapeseed)after incorporation compared to ck.Winter rapeseed and hairy vetch enhanced water retention in 0-100 cm(regreening)and 40-100 cm(budding)soil layers,ultimately boosting maize yield.These species were recommended as biological mulches for winter fallow management in this arid region.关键词
冬季覆盖物/冬油菜/毛叶苕子/土壤水分/玉米产量Key words
winter cover crops/Brassica campestris/Vicia villosa/soil moisture/maize yield.分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
李利利,马骊,张宁,武军艳,杨学珍,孙万仓..冬季覆盖作物对土壤水分和春玉米产量的影响[J].耕作与栽培,2025,45(5):31-37,7.基金项目
甘肃省科技重大专项(17ZD2NA016) （17ZD2NA016）
甘肃省现代农业产业技术体系(GARS-TSZ-1) （GARS-TSZ-1）
