河南农业大学学报2025，Vol.59Issue(4)：666-677,12.DOI:10.16445/j.cnki.1000-2340.20250314.001
烟草根茎类病害的复合侵染现象与生防菌筛选
Co-infection of tobacco root and stem diseases and screening of biocontrol bacteria
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]To study the pathogen communities associated with tobacco root and stem dis-eases in Henan Province from 2021 to 2023,and to isolate biocontrol bacteria from tobacco rhizo-sphere soil as new resources for precise prevention and control of plant disease.[Method]Tobacco plants,exhibiting disease symptoms on their rootstocks,were collected from Xuchang,Luohe,Pingdingshan,Zhumadian,Nanyang and Luoyang tobacco planting areas in Henan Province,and sub-jected to tissue isolation method,morphological and molecular identification,and verification of Koch's postulates.Biocontrol bacteria were isolated from the rhizosphere soil using the dilution-planting method,and the main pathogens were selected through the dual-culture plate assay.[Result]A total of 595 strains were obtained from 309 diseased tissue isolation,and the identification results showed that there were 339 strains of Fusarium,60 strains of Phytophthora nicotianae,and strains of Alter-naria etc.In Xuchang,both Xiangcheng and Yuzhou districts have successfully isolated P.nicotianae and Fusarium spp.simultaneously,showing symptoms of combined infection.Inoculation experi-ments showed that combined infection would lead to earlier death of tobacco plants.Five strains of Bacillus spp.DR-11,HR-5,HR-8,DR-3 and HR-2 were screened from tobacco rhizosphere soil and showed good antagonistic effects against P.nicotianae,Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium solani.Particularly,the inhibition rate of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens HR-8 against both P.nicotianae and Fusarium spp.exceeded 50%,and the inhibition rate of Bacillus subtilis DR-11 and Bacillus velezensis HR-5 against P.nicotianae and F.solani reached more than 65%.[Conclusion]Over the past three years,Henan Province has experienced severe tobacco root and stem diseases,primarily caused by the pathogens responsible for black and root rot.The combined infection of P.nicotianae and Fusarium spp.has occurred in many places in Xiangcheng and Yuzhou,Xuchang,and the combined infection would affect the growth of tobacco seedlings more seriously than the single pathogen infections.Bacil-lus strains isolated from rhizosphere soil exhibited broad-spectrum antagonism activity against key pathogens(P.nicotianae,F.oxysporum,and F.solani),which provide new potential biocontrol resource for studying the combined infection of tobacco root and stem diseases.关键词
烟草/根茎类病害/烟草疫霉菌/镰孢菌/复合侵染/生物防治/芽孢杆菌Key words
tobacco/root and stem diseases/Phytophthora nicotianae/Fusarium spp./co-infection/biological control/Bacillus spp.分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
刘超洁,孔德尧,薛超群,张晓婷,代君丽,汪敏,李红亮,李建华,高飞..烟草根茎类病害的复合侵染现象与生防菌筛选[J].河南农业大学学报,2025,59(4):666-677,12.基金项目
河南省科技攻关项目(2021411000240109) （2021411000240109）
河南省烟草公司许昌市公司科技项目(122021DQ0580) （122021DQ0580）
