河南农业科学2025，Vol.54Issue(7)：30-39,10.DOI:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.07.004
施肥和种植密度对燕麦饲草产量、品质和土壤理化性质的影响
Effect of Fertilization and Planting Density on Yield,Quality of Oat Forage and Soil Physicochemical Property
摘要
Abstract
Taking Baiyan 7 as material,the effects of fertilization[single application of 18 000 kg/ha bio-organic fertilizer(A),single application of 225 kg/ha pasture-specific fertilizer(B),and combined application of 50%pasture-specific fertilizer(112.5 kg/ha)+50%bio-organic fertilizer(9 000 kg/ha)(C)]and planting density[4.75 million plants/ha(1),5.75 million plants/ha(2),and 6.75 million plants/ha(3)]on oat plant height,leaf area,photosynthetic characteristics,forage yield,quality,and soil physicochemical properties were analyzed,and comprehensive evaluation was conducted using membership function method to screen the optimal treatment,so as to provide theoretical basis for efficient production of oat forage and sustainable soil utilization in alpine ecological regions.The results showed that from the perspectives of oat growth,yield and nutritional quality,C1,C2 and C3 treatments performed well,overall,C2 treatment had the best performance.C2 treatment had the highest plant height,coverage,leaf area,net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,stomatal conductance,SPAD value,fresh grass yield,dry grass yield,crude protein content,soluble sugar content,total digestible nutrient content and relative feeding value,which significantly increased by 79.88%,44.60%,38.87%,61.30%,48.26%,38.51%,45.08%,74.05%,65.16%,70.24%,40.22%,60.90%and 42.83%,respectively,compared with CK(planting density of 4.75 million plants/ha without fertilization).C2 treatment had lower acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber contents,which significantly reduced by 24.63%and 19.18%,respectively,compared with CK.Additionally,C2 treatment had second-highest crude fat content and relative forage value,which significantly increased by 104.10%and 37.66%,respectively,compared with CK.Soil physicochemical properties of C2 treatment were improved,organic carbon content was 41.80 g/kg,total nitrogen content was 3.65 g/kg,while electrical conductivity and pH value decreased.The comprehensive evaluation result showed that C2 treatment had the highest membership function value(0.83),followed by C1 treatment,while CK performed the worst.In conclusion,under the combined application of 50%pasture-specific fertilizer(112.50 kg/ha)+50%bio-organic fertilizer(9 000 kg/ha)and planting density of 5.75 million plants/ha,the oat had the best growth performance,highest forage yield and nutritional quality,and favorable soil physicochemical property,which is suitable for widespread adoption in high-altitude regions.关键词
燕麦/施肥/种植密度/饲草产量/饲草品质/土壤理化性质/隶属函数Key words
Oat/Fertilization/Planting density/Forage yield/Forage quality/Soil physicochemical property/Membership function分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
蔡宗程,吕亮雨,刘青青,张海蓉,李发毅,保善存,付守全,施建军..施肥和种植密度对燕麦饲草产量、品质和土壤理化性质的影响[J].河南农业科学,2025,54(7):30-39,10.基金项目
青海省科技特派员专项(2024-NK-P24) （2024-NK-P24）
青海省林草局项目(青2024TG02) （青2024TG02）
