河南农业科学2025，Vol.54Issue(7)：55-63,9.DOI:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.07.006
外源硒对干旱胁迫下胡麻生理特性的影响
The Impact of Exogenous Selenium on the Physiological Characteristics of Flax under Drought Stress
摘要
Abstract
To investigate the methods for alleviating drought stress in flax and improving its drought resistance,the cultivar Jinya 10 was selected as the experimental material.At the budding stage,three treatments were designed:normal control(CK),drought stress following a spray of clear water(DS),and drought stress after spraying 50 g/ha Na2SeO3(SE).Foliar applications of water and selenium fertilizer were conducted,and after the drought period,various parameters were measured,including photosynthetic indices,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters,H2O2 content,malondialdehyde(MDA)level,antioxidant enzyme activities,osmotic adjustment substance content,nitrogen metabolism-related enzyme activities,yield,and yield components.The results revealed that drought stress at the budding stage significantly impaired plant growth and development,whereas selenium application notably mitigated the detrimental effects of drought on flax.The grain yield under the SE treatment was significantly higher,with an increase of 16.43%compared to the DS treatment,primarily due to a substantial rise in the number of capsules per plant and seeds per capsule.Exogenous selenium treatment substantially improved the net photosynthetic rate(Pn),stomatal conductance(Gs),and transpiration rate(Tr)in flax leaves under drought stress,while also increased chlorophyll content.Additionally,the maximum photochemical efficiency(Fv/Fm)and the actual photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ(ΦPSⅡ)were significantly enhanced.Selenium fertilizer also considerably enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD),catalase(CAT),nitrate reductase(NR),glutamine synthetase(GS),and glutamate dehydrogenase(GDH)under drought stress,with activity increases ranging from 11.19%to 20.57%.It also significantly reduced the non-photochemical quenching coefficient(NPQ),H2O2,and MDA content.Therefore,foliar application of 50 g/ha selenium fertilizer effectively alleviated the negative effects of drought stress during the budding stage on flax growth and yield by enhancing photosynthetic efficiency,optimizing chlorophyll fluorescence parameters,boosting the activity of antioxidant enzymes and nitrogen metabolism related enzymes,and decreasing reactive oxygen species and MDA levels.关键词
胡麻/干旱胁迫/外源硒/产量/光合作用Key words
Flax/Drought stress/Exogenous selenium/Yield/Photosynthesis分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
王文霞,刘宇琪,夏清,智慧,杜杰..外源硒对干旱胁迫下胡麻生理特性的影响[J].河南农业科学,2025,54(7):55-63,9.基金项目
吕梁市高层次科技人才计划项目(2023RC20) （2023RC20）
山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2023L377) （2023L377）
山西省青年科学基金项目(202203021222320) （202203021222320）
