湖南大学学报（社会科学版）2025，Vol.39Issue(4)：82-90,9.DOI:10.16339/j.cnki.hdxbskb.2025.04.009
篇章结构句法化与系词"是"的产生和发展
Syntacticalization of Text Structure and the Emergence and Development of the Copula"Shi(是)"
摘要
Abstract
"Shi(是)"was originally used in narratives,only as a pronoun,referring to things"shi thing(是物)",and as a subject,object,appositive,etc.In the late Western Zhou Dynasty,the term"shi event(是事)"was differentiated to refer to events.At the turn of the Zhou Dynasty,"shi(是)"extended to"narrative+argument"text,and the meaning and function of"shi thing(是物)"remained unchanged,while"shi event(是事)"developed a connective function and multiple predicative usages.Both of them can be used in judgement sentences,but the former is"shi(是)+NP+ye(也)",the latter is"shi(是)+wei(谓)+VP/NP",and by the Warring States period,the latter became consistent with the former.Since the Warring States Period,the use of the predicate"shi event(是事)"has continued to grow,and also promoted the predicative verb of"shi thing(是物)".The"narrative+argumant"text in which they are located is evolving towards a syntactic form,while the text in which"shi thing(是物)"is located is the first to complete its syntacticization,so that"shi thing(是物)"has evolved into a copula.During the Han Dynasty,the text in which"shi event(是事)"was written was also syntactically completed,and"shi event(是事)"also evolved into a copula.Thereafter,the function of judgement sentences gradually expanded to description and"ye(也)"began to fall off and the meaning of the copula gradually changed,coming close to modern Chinese in the Eastern Jin Dynasty.In the Northern and Southern Dynasties,"shi(是)"was basically used only as a copu-la.The copula"shi(是)"is a product of the syntacticization of the text,resulting from the combined action of mechanisms such as metaphor,expansion,analogy,rhyme,and reanalysis.关键词
是/篇章/句法化/指代词/系词Key words
shi(是)/text/syntacticization/anaphora pronoun/copula分类
社会科学引用本文复制引用
刘文正..篇章结构句法化与系词"是"的产生和发展[J].湖南大学学报（社会科学版）,2025,39(4):82-90,9.基金项目
国家社会科学基金项目:篇章制约下的句法、词汇演变及篇章结构自身演变研究(23BYY023) （23BYY023）
