矿产保护与利用2025，Vol.45Issue(3)：1-12,12.DOI:10.13779/j.cnki.issn1001-0076.2025.03.001
从配位场原理探讨矿物结构与可浮性的关系
The Relationship between Mineral Structure and Floatability Discussed from the Principle of Coordination Field
摘要
Abstract
This study investigated the relationship between mineral crystal structure and floatability from the perspective of ligand field theory,explaining the influence of crystal structure on mineral floatability.The iron ions in hematite and pyrite possess d5 and d6 electronic configurations respectively,with 0 and 3 pairs of π electrons correspondingly.This difference prevents xanthate collectors from forming feedback π-bonds with hematite while enabling strong feedback π-bond formation with pyrite,resulting in strong collecting power of xanthate for pyrite but none for hematite.The Jahn-Teller effect explains the differential collecting behavior of xanthate towards copper oxide and copper sulfide minerals.In oxidized copper minerals,electrons occupying the dz2 orbital repel xanthate molecules,thereby hindering the interaction between Cu2+ions and xanthate-type collectors.For sphalerite containing d10 zinc ions,ions such as copper,gold,and silver exhibit high polarizability,which enhances the covalent interaction between these ions and collector molecules,thereby activating sphalerite.In pyrrhotite crystals with single S coordination,Fe2+possesses only one pair of π electrons,leading to weak π back-bonding interaction with xanthate.The absence of vacant d-orbitals further hinders the formation of strong inner-sphere coordination complexes,making pyrrhotite less floatable than pyrite.For iron-bearing sphalerite containing tetrahedrally coordinated Fe2+ions,the single π-electron pair results in weak π back-bonding with xanthate,creating distinct floatability characteristics compared to pyrite.In chalcopyrite,copper possesses more 3d π electron pairs than iron,leading to stronger covalent coordination with xanthate-type collectors,establishing copper as the reactive site.Additionally,spin-coupling effects of iron ions enhance the activity of copper ions.关键词
配位场原理/配体性质/矿物晶体/浮选药剂Key words
principle of coordination field/ligand properties/mineral crystals/flotation reagents分类
矿业与冶金引用本文复制引用
陈建华,李玉琼..从配位场原理探讨矿物结构与可浮性的关系[J].矿产保护与利用,2025,45(3):1-12,12.基金项目
国家自然科学基金面上项目(52374264) （52374264）
广西科技发展专项资金项目(桂科AD25069078) （桂科AD25069078）
