量子电子学报2025，Vol.42Issue(4)：490-503,14.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1007-5461.2025.04.005
基于里德堡原子单体和多体系统的电场测量
Electric field measurements based on Rydberg atomic single-body and many-body systems
摘要
Abstract
The electric field measurement based on Rydberg atoms,due to its high sensitivity,large dynamic range,and broad spectral coverage,has broad application prospects in fields such as information communication,spectrum detection,and meteorological warning,and is expected to become one of the key technologies for next-generation electromagnetic spectrum sensing.With ongoing advancements in both theory and experiment,the sensitivity of electric field measurement based on Rydberg atoms is gradually approaching the quantum projection noise limit.This article outlines the principles of electric field measurement based on Rydberg atoms,and reviews the recent progress in both single-body and many-body electric field measurement based on Rydberg atoms.So far,researchers have continually optimized electric field measurement techniques based on electromagnetically induced transparency and Autler-Townes(AT)splitting,employing methods such as the homodyne detection technique,superheterodyne technique,repumping,and six-wave mixing.These approaches have improved the electric field measurement sensitivity of single-body systems to 3.98 nV·cm-1·Hz-1/2,and the phase measurement sensitivity to 2 mrad.In addition to single-body systems,many-body systems based on Rydberg atoms have also been widely applied in electric field measurements by using their criticality at the phase trasition point,and the measurement sensitivity in many-body systems is expressed using Fisher information.Techniques such as cavity-enhanced optical bistability and stochastic resonance enhancement have been employed in many-body electric field measurement,and recent studies demonstrate that a 6.6 dB improvement in electric field measurement sensitivity,as well as robust resistance to external noise,has been achieved.关键词
量子光学/电场测量/电磁诱导透明/里德堡原子/多体系统Key words
quantum optics/electric field measurement/electromagnetically induced transparency/Rydberg atom/many-body systems分类
数理科学引用本文复制引用
宋晓云,陈雪花,贾春阳,丛楠,杨仁福..基于里德堡原子单体和多体系统的电场测量[J].量子电子学报,2025,42(4):490-503,14.基金项目
智能电网国家科技重大专项(2024ZD0803300),北京市自然科学基金重点研究专题项目(Z240006) （2024ZD0803300）
