煤炭转化2025，Vol.48Issue(4)：68-81,14.DOI:10.19726/j.cnki.ebcc.202504007
煤沥青基硬炭负极材料的硝酸氧化梯度调控及储钠性能研究
Investigation into the gradient regulation of nitric acid oxidation and sodium storage properties of coal tar pitch-based hard carbon anode materials
摘要
Abstract
Oxidation treatment is an effective strategy to improve the sodium storage perfor-mance of pitch-based hard carbon.The oxygen-containing functional groups in pitch can be regulated by controlling its oxidation degree.By affecting the evolution of the microcrystalline morphology during the carbonization,the electrochemical performance of the derived hard carbon anode is ulti-mately changed.In this study,based on the molecular characteristics of coal tar pitch precursors,a nitric acid(HNO3)liquid-phase oxidation strategy was developed to investigate the effects of pre-oxidation treatmenton pitch-based hard carbon's structural evolution and its impact on electrochemical properties as a sodium-ion battery cathode.Experimental results show that under the optimized condi-tions(oxidation at 80 ℃ for 24 h with a pitch-to-HNO3 mass ratio of 1∶6),the obtained material exhibits expanded interlayer spacing and a rich porous structure.At a current density of 30 mA/g,the material delivers a reversible specific capacity of 240.6 mAh/g,a threefold improvement compared to raw pitch,and the initial coulombic efficiency increases from 53.22％to 85.08％.Furthermore,a multi-dimensional correlation model of"oxidation degree-microcrystalline structure-sodium storage performance"was established to reveal the mechanism by which HNO3 liquid phase oxidation treat-ment enhances the sodium storage capacity of pitch base.This study confirms that HNO3 oxidation treatment can effectively improve the electrochemical performance of pitch-based hard carbon anode materials.It also provides an important experimental basis and theoretical guidance for optimizing the preparation of pitch-based carbon anode materials.关键词
煤沥青/硝酸氧化/钠离子电池/硬炭/负极材料Key words
coal tar pitch/nitric acid oxidation/sodium-ion batteries/hard carbon/anode materials分类
化学化工引用本文复制引用
梁可盈,郭凯君,王潇潇,卫贤贤,冯国红,谢莉婧..煤沥青基硬炭负极材料的硝酸氧化梯度调控及储钠性能研究[J].煤炭转化,2025,48(4):68-81,14.基金项目
山西省基础研究计划资助项目(202203021211203). （202203021211203）
