农业机械学报2025，Vol.56Issue(7)：105-115,11.DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2025.07.009
同轴差速式酿酒葡萄离心破碎机设计与试验
Design and Experiment of Coaxial Differential Speed Centrifugal Crushing Device for Grape
摘要
Abstract
The first critical quality point in the wine making process is grape breakage.The grape crushing rate,juice yield rate,and the repeatability will affect the taste and flavor of wine production.The traditional centrifugal crushing machines used in winemaking often result in uneven crushing and low repeatability of crushing rates,leading to instability in the skin rupture rate and juice yield,affecting the quality of subsequent maceration and fermentation processes.To address these issues,a coaxial differential-speed centrifugal crushing method for winemaking grapes was designed,utilizing a guiding impeller to divert and direct the flow and a striking impeller to impact and crush the grapes.A mechanical model was constructed for the feeding process,flow guiding,and impact crushing to analyze and identify the key structural parameters affecting crushing performance.A model was established by using EDEM discrete element simulation to simulate the interaction between the crusher and the grapes.A three-factor,three-level response surface experiment was conducted to analyze the effects of guiding impeller speed,striking impeller speed,and feed rate on the flow uniformity and crushing stability coefficient.The optimal operating parameter combination was determined as follows:guiding impeller speed(nd)was 80 r/min,striking impeller speed(nc)was 600 r/min,and feed rate(wr)was 6 kg/s.Performance crushing tests conducted at the factory revealed that the average crushing rate and juice yield were 96.37％and 7.05％,respectively.The variation coefficients of the crushing rate and juice yield were 1.23％and 19.76％,respectively.Compared with traditional crushers,the variation coefficient of the crushing rate was reduced by 58.3％,and that of the juice yield was reduced by 23.4％.Overall,the operational performance of the coaxial differential-speed centrifugal grape crusher met the requirements of winemaking processes.This research could improve the mechanical crushing performance of wine grapes,furthermore enhancing the quality of wine production.The research result can provide reference and guidance for the improvement of fruit crushing machinery in the relevant fruit wine brewing process.关键词
酿酒葡萄/离心破碎机/导流叶轮/冲击叶轮/EDEMKey words
wine grapes/centrifugal crusher/guide impeller/impact impeller/EDEM分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
苏媛,刘文政,房玉林,孙翔宇,李泽福,何珂..同轴差速式酿酒葡萄离心破碎机设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2025,56(7):105-115,11.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(52305281)、陕西省重点研发计划项目(2025NC-YBXM-194)、陕西省自然科学基金青年项目(2025JC-YBQN-238)和陕西省科协青年人才托举计划项目(20250604) （52305281）
