水利水电技术（中英文）2025，Vol.56Issue(6)：38-50,13.DOI:10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2025.06.004
考虑桥梁阻水影响的山洪灾害放大效应模拟研究
Simulation study on the amplification effect of water blockage caused by bridges on flash floods
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]Flash floods are often exacerbated by factors such as flood diversion,sediment deposition,and debris blocking bridge openings,Resultsing in significant uncertainty.Using a hydrologic-hydrodynamic model,the amplification effects of bridges under different levels of blockage on flash flood disasters was quantitatively assessed.[Methods]Taking the Zhaigang River in Liannan County,Qingyuan City,Guangdong Province as an example,the China Flash Flood Hydrological Model(CNFF-HMS)as hydrological model and the Integrated Flood Modeling System(IFMS)as hydrodynamic model were employed.Parameter calibration and result validation of the hydrological and hydrodynamic models were conducted using 11 and 4 sets of rainstorm flood data,respectively.Using the typical flood event on June 21,2022,variations in water levels and inundation extent at the bridge cross section were calculated under three conditions:unblocked,partially blocked,and fully blocked.Contributing factors of water blockage caused by bridges were also analyzed.[Results]The results showed that:(1)bridge blockage caused a significant rise in upstream water level,with a 1.5-meter increase in water level under the fully blocked condition compared to the unblocked condition.(2)Bridge blockage led to a noticeable expansion in the inundation extent.Specifically,the inundation area under the fully blocked condition was 0.99 km2 larger,or 1.34 times larger than the unblocked condition.(3)Bridge blockage reduced the bridge's conveyance capacity,with the flow area under the fully blocked condition being only 38.4％of that under the unblocked condition.[Conclusion]Bridge blockage has an amplification effect on flash flood disasters.As the severity of bridge blockage increases,the bridge's conveyance capacity weakens,and the upstream water level rises more noticeably.This significantly increases the risk of flooding and expands the inundation extent.In this study,the amplification effect of the disaster has been quantitatively assessed,providing more precise and scientifically grounded support for the early detection of flash flood disaster risks and for guiding evacuation and relocation efforts.关键词
山洪灾害/定量评估/水文水动力模型/数值模拟/暴雨洪水/桥梁淤堵/过流能力Key words
flash flood disaster/quantitative assessment/hydrologic-hydrodynamic model/numerical simulation/rainstorm flood/bridge blockage/conveyance capacity分类
建筑与水利引用本文复制引用
陈鹏帅,刘荣华,孙朝兴,刘子霞,刘潇,程东..考虑桥梁阻水影响的山洪灾害放大效应模拟研究[J].水利水电技术（中英文）,2025,56(6):38-50,13.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(42271095) （42271095）
