水生生物学报2025，Vol.49Issue(8)：86-96,11.DOI:10.3724/1000-3207.2025.2024.0471
禁食对不同规格四大家鱼游泳能力的影响
FASTING ON SWIMMING ABILITY IN FOUR MAJOR CARP SPECIES OF DIFFERENT SIZES
摘要
Abstract
This study aims to explore the effects of fasting time on the swimming ability of four species of freshwater fish with different body lengths:Mylopharyngodon piceus(black carp),Ctenopharyngodon idellus(grass carp),Hypophthalmichthys molitrix(silver carp),and Hypophthalmichthys nobilis(bighead carp).Three groups of experimen-tal fish with different body lengths were selected:short[Group W(4.34±0.21)—(7.86±0.29)cm],medium[Group S(14.53±0.25)—(15.6±0.68)cm],and long[Group E(20.29±0.7)—(23.4±0.51)cm](n=40).After fasting for 0,2,5,10,and 15 days,the induced flow velocity,critical swimming speed,and burst swimming speed were measured to assess the effects of fasting time and body length on the swimming ability of the fish.The results showed that the induced flow velocity,critical swimming speed,and burst swimming speed were all related to body length.The absolute critical swimming speed and absolute burst swimming speed(cm/s)increased with body length,while the relative critical swimming speed and relative burst swimming speed(BL/s)(body length,BL)decreased with increasing body length.There were significant differences in induced flow velocity,critical swimming speed,and burst swimming speed among the three separate body length groups(W,S,E)for each species of fish(P<0.05).The order of induced flow velocity,critical swimming speed,and burst swimming speed for the four major carp species was black carp>grass carp>bighead carp>silver carp.Under fasting conditions,there was no significant change in induced flow velocity(P>0.05),but both critical swimming speed and burst swimming speed significantly decreased(P<0.05),showing a gradual downward trend.Within the range of 0-15 fasting days,the induced flow velocity of Group W was significantly higher than that of Group S(P<0.05),and both were significantly higher than that in Group E(P<0.01),while the critical swimming speed and burst swimming speed of Group W were significantly lower than those of Group S(P<0.05),and both were significantly lower than those of Group E(P<0.01).The results indicate that compared with Group W,Groups S and E are less affected in swimming ability under fasting conditions,suggesting the release of four major carp species with body lengths over 10 cm.After fasting for 5 days,Groups S and E did not show significant decline in swimming ability.Moderate fasting may enhance feeding ability,but long-term fasting weakens swimming ability,affects feeding,reduces the ability to escape predators,and ultimately lower survival rates.Therefore,fasting should be avoided before release to ensure swimming ability,enhance survival ability in the wild,and increase feeding success rates.In conclu-sion,the swimming ability of juvenile carp species is affected by body length and fasting,with swimming ability increasing as body length increases,and fasting having the opposite effect.It is recommended to select larger(over 10 cm)and well-nourished fry for release to improve survival rates and the success of stock enhancement projects.The find-ings of this study provide an important theoretical basis for the optimization of stock enhancement techniques for the four major carp species.关键词
禁食/体长/四大家鱼/感应流速/临界游泳速度/暴发游泳速度Key words
Fasting/Body length/Four major fish species/Inductive flow velocity/Critical swimming speed/Burst swimming speed分类
生物科学引用本文复制引用
林小菊,俞立雄,曾钰评,吴池杰,王珂,刘明典,段辛斌..禁食对不同规格四大家鱼游泳能力的影响[J].水生生物学报,2025,49(8):86-96,11.基金项目
国家自然科学基金委员会-中华人民共和国水利部-中国长江三峡集团有限公司长江水科学研究联合基金(U2240214) （U2240214）
中国水产科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(2023TD09)资助[Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation Committee-Ministry of Water Resources of the People's Republic of China-China Three Gorges Corporation Joint Fund Project for Yangtze River Water Science Research(U2240214) （2023TD09）
Central Public Welfare Research Institute Basic Scientific Research Business Fund of China Academy of Fishery Sciences(2023TD09)] （2023TD09）
