水生态学杂志2025，Vol.46Issue(4)：106-118,13.DOI:10.15928/j.1674-3075.202404080116
水文变异条件下长江源区生态流量研究
Ecological Flow Evaluation in the Source Region of Yangtze River Following Hydrological Alteration
摘要
Abstract
In this study,we explored patterns of ecological flow in the source region of the Yangtze Riv-er before and after hydrological alteration,aiming to provide a scientific basis for protecting river ecology.The study was based on the daily runoff series at Zhimenda hydrological station from 1957 to 2016.The Mann-Kendall test was used to identify significant hydrological alteration points,and hydrological meth-ods(e.g.,Tennant method,7Q10 method),ecological suitability theory(fitting monthly runoff sequences with 10 probability distribution functions),and a four-flow period approach(classifying flood,high-pulse,normal-flow,and low-flow periods)were used to calculate ecological flows.The Range of Variability Approach(RVA)was applied to quantify the disturbance degree of ecological flows under hydrological alterations.Three significant hydrological alteration points(1962,1966,and 2003)were identified at Zhimenda hydrological station in the Yangtze River source region,with 2003 being the primary impact year,triggering a 27%annual increase in runoff.Intensified glacial and snowmelt alongside increased precipitation were the dominant drivers of the increase in runoff.The satisfaction rate of ecological flow,based on ecological suitability theory,improved by an average of 33.5%(23%increase in the flood season and 41%in the non-flood season).In contrast,the satisfaction rate of ecological flow before and after alteration derived from the four-flow period approach improved by only 0.07%.The overall alteration degree of ecological flow(0.30)was significantly higher than that of runoff(0.16),particularly for extreme flow indices such as MA1F and MA3F.The four-flow period approach theoretically outper-formed other methods by considering ecological functions across different flow periods.The disturbance degree of ecological flow better reflected the impacts of climate change on river ecosystems,highlighting the need for dynamic assessment and management of ecological flow under altered hydrological conditions.关键词
生态流量/水文变异/变异范围法/长江源区Key words
ecological flow/hydrological alteration/range of variability approach/the source region of the Yangtze River分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
何山,许继军,洪晓峰..水文变异条件下长江源区生态流量研究[J].水生态学杂志,2025,46(4):106-118,13.基金项目
国家自然科学基金青年基金(52309077) （52309077）
长江水科学研究联合基金(U2340208) （U2340208）
湖北省自然科学基金青年项目(2022CFB573) （2022CFB573）
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费(CKSF2021432) （CKSF2021432）
水利部重大科技项目(SKS-2022039). （SKS-2022039）
