西安交通大学学报（社会科学版）2025，Vol.45Issue(4)：55-68,14.DOI:10.15896/j.xjtuskxb.202504005
空间正义视角下中国养老服务高质量发展水平测度与空间非均衡性研究
Measurement of the High-Quality Development Level of China's Elderly Care Services and Research on Spatial Imbalance from the Perspective of Spatial Justice
摘要
Abstract
The change in the population age structure poses challenges to Chinese-style modernization.Achieving the high-quality development of elderly care services is a necessary measure for promoting modernization with a huge population scale and exploring a path of actively responding to population aging with Chinese characteristics.Existing studies have fully and deeply explored the connotation and path of high-quality development of elderly care services.However,there is a lack of the current situation and empirical measurement in this regard.In particular,the issue of its spatial imbalance has not been given attention yet. This paper introduces the perspective of spatial justice,and believes that the high-quality development of elderly care services not only includes quantity growth but also quality improvement.And an evaluation system is constructed from three dimensions:sufficient service,urban-rural balance,and structural optimization.The improved vertical and horizontal scatter degree method is used to measure the level of high-quality development of elderly care services in China from 2014 to 2021,and the Dagum Gini coefficient is used to analyze its spatial imbalance.The results show that during the inspection period,the high-quality development level of elderly care services in China has steadily improved,showing an overall spatial characteristic of"high in the east and low in the west",but without spatial clustering;there is a significant spatial imbalance in the high-quality development of elderly care services in China,mainly due to regional disparities rather than inter regional disparities;the overall regional gap shows a trend of first decreasing and then increasing,but the overall spatial imbalance has decreased. The innovation of this paper lies in the following aspects.In the construction of the indicator system,compared with the existing studies that mainly focus on the indicators of"quantity"of elderly services,this paper combines the idea of spatial justice and evaluates the service adequacy and quality in three aspects:service adequacy,urban-rural balance,and structural optimization.In terms of research methodology,this paper fully considers the inadequacy of common evaluation methods in dealing with panel data,and use the vertical and horizontal scatter degree method combined with the entropy value method to scientifically determine the weights,so as to present the tendency of changes in the cross-section data over time.In terms of the application of the results,instead of simply assessing the level of high-quality development,this paper further analyses the spatial imbalance and the evolutionary trends to point out the direction for promoting the high-quality development of China's elderly services. This paper reveals the connotation of spatial justice in the high-quality development of elderly care services,and index system constructed by us provides a reference for the macro evaluation of elderly care services.This paper also presents the trend of the level of high-quality development of elderly services and its spatial imbalance in China,which provides empirical evidence and decision-making guidance for China to narrow regional differences and promote the high-quality development of elderly services.关键词
空间正义/养老服务/高质量发展/纵横向拉开档次法/Dagum基尼系数/区域差异/空间非均衡性Key words
space justice/elderly care services/high-quality development/vertical and horizontal scatter degree method/Dagum Gini coefficient/regional differences/spatial imbalance分类
管理科学引用本文复制引用
封铁英,胡毓群..空间正义视角下中国养老服务高质量发展水平测度与空间非均衡性研究[J].西安交通大学学报（社会科学版）,2025,45(4):55-68,14.基金项目
国家社会科学基金西部项目(23XRK003). （23XRK003）
