西安交通大学学报（社会科学版）2025，Vol.45Issue(4)：69-81,13.DOI:10.15896/j.xjtuskxb.202504006
积极老龄化:理论意涵、政策设计与政策组合策略
Active Aging:Theoretical Implication,Policy Design and Policy Mix Strategy
摘要
Abstract
With the deep aging of the population and the increasing pressure of aging,how to deal with aging has become an important issue that needs to be solved urgently,which is related to the long-term balance of China's population and the sustainable development of social economy.At present,although China has the institutional basis to deal with population aging,it still faces many challenges,and the active aging policy system needs to be further constructed and improved.On the basis of clarifying the concept changes and policy implications of active aging,this paper systematically compares and analyzes the design and content of active aging policies in EU countries,and empirically examines the policy combination path to achieve a high level of active aging by using NCA and dynamic QCA methods. Firstly,the research systematically explains the diachronic changes of the concept of aging from"negative aging"to"productive aging","healthy aging"and then to"active aging",and clarifies the concept connotation and policy framework of active aging.On this basis,this paper systematically deconstructs the active aging policy system and design features of EU countries from three dimensions of"health-participation-security",and clarifies the underlying logic of the active aging policy system.Secondly,in order to explore which policy combination path can effectively achieve a high level of active aging,based on public data such as EU Active Aging Index,this paper analyzes the necessary conditions and policy combination path for improving the level of active aging by combining Necessary Conditions Analysis(NCA)and Dynamic Qualitative Comparative Analysis(QCA).The results show that both protective and incentive policies for the elderly employment participation are necessary conditions for improving the level of active aging,but the effectiveness of single-dimensional policy design for improving the level of active aging is limited,and the improvement of the level of active aging depends on the combination design of different dimensions of policies.Among them,the paths of health promotion-participation and empowerment drive,participation and empowerment-support drive and three-dimensional integration drive are helpful to achieve a high level of active aging.In addition,the active aging policy path has time effect,showing significant stage characteristics.Finally,based on the above research conclusions,combined with the reality of China,it is proposed that China should construct an active aging employment support policy system to promote the aging of production,improve the preventive and targeted aging medical and health promotion policy service system,build a supportive and inclusive aging-friendly environmental policy system,and pay attention to the joint effect of policy combination and the gradual advancement of the policy system,so as to promote the implementation of the national strategy of actively responding to the aging of the population and the realization of the goal of the active aging system. The research systematically explains active aging by combing the evolution of aging concept,deconstructs the active aging policy system from the perspective of policy design,identifies and puts forward the policy combination path with high active aging level by combining NCA with dynamic QCA method,which provides theoretical insights for promoting active aging from concept to practice,and also provides reference for the construction of active aging policy system in China.关键词
积极老龄化/政策设计/政策组合/NCA/动态QCAKey words
active aging/policy design/policy mix/NCA/dynamic QCA分类
社会科学引用本文复制引用
满小欧,姜石勇..积极老龄化:理论意涵、政策设计与政策组合策略[J].西安交通大学学报（社会科学版）,2025,45(4):69-81,13.基金项目
国家社会科学基金一般项目(23BGL261). （23BGL261）
