西安交通大学学报（社会科学版）2025，Vol.45Issue(4)：104-112,9.DOI:10.15896/j.xjtuskxb.202504009
民粹现象的网络泛滥及其马克思主义批判
The Online Rampancy of Populist Phenomena and the Criticism from Marxist Perspective
摘要
Abstract
At present,China is in the critical time node of Chinese path to modernization and national rejuvenation,as well as the transition period of complex social contradictions.When the whole society still faces disparities in labor income,large wealth gaps,uneven allocation of education and health resources,and imperfect mechanisms for appealing for the protection of the rights and interests of vulnerable groups,especially when the thoughts and complaints of the general public are not heard and responded to in a timely manner during major emergencies and public epidemics,supporters and perpetrators of populist phenomena take advantage of the growing dissatisfaction of the general public with the government and social elites.Especially when this populist value trend leverages the power of online communication to shape a media landscape where online populist behavior prevails,the academic community should have to conduct sufficient examination and analysis,maintain sufficient reflection and vigilance.Based on this,in contrast to previous research exploring the phenomenon of populism being confined to a case by case and case by case discourse,this article adopts a method that combines history and logic,theory and practice,and uses the basic principles of Marxism to analyze and judge the negative impact and basic social side effects of current network populism phenomena and tendencies on socialist mainstream culture.The aim is to provide theoretical imagination space and practical support for resolving its cultural negative energy.In summary,this article is divided into the following three parts for textual argumentation: Firstly,the first part argues that from the perspective of genetics,the populist words and deeds currently spread through online platforms such as self media,or the phenomenon of online populism,specifically refers to a cultural dissemination phenomenon that combines traditional populism with network technology.It is a declaration and release of social dissatisfaction caused by the accumulation of social contradictions.It is precisely the low threshold access of online media that maximizes the dissemination of traditional populist words and deeds,ultimately leading to the peak popularity and influence of online populism in contemporary society. Secondly,the second part mainly focuses on analyzing and sorting out the main practical characteristics and practical impacts of populist reporting and dissemination on social networks:from the perspective of value pursuit,"taking the people as the essence"is its most fundamental characteristic of identity identification;From the perspective of disseminators,the publishers of relevant information often consider themselves as the"essence of the people"with the phrase"The responsibility fully lies with me";From the perspective of communication content,only"people"and"people's demands"are regarded as the main theme and eternal protagonist of appealing to news reporting and media communication;From the perspective of discourse analysis,the construction of communication texts is full of deconstructive logic towards elite discourse;From the perspective of narrative techniques,it is customary to adopt three narrative modes:tragedy,revenge,and heroism. Finally,the third and most important part mainly relies on theoretical resources such as Marxist views on the history of the masses,news communication,and culture to analyze its"uncontrolled dissemination will be detrimental to the cultural enrichment of Marxist views on the masses and the social practice of the mass line".The analysis shows that this phenomena may"deviate from the cultural demands of Marxism's free and comprehensive development of human beings."Besides,it may"delay the achievement of the goals of socialist cultural construction in the new era",and"hinder the role of the Party's media as the"voice and eye"of the people's spirit and the"public opinion battlefield"of socialism,ultimately leading to"group blind movements"and"tyranny of the majority",and many other adverse effects and practical hazards on the promotion of mainstream cultural ideas with Chinese characteristics.关键词
民粹现象/网络意识形态安全/网络民粹新闻/网络传播/舆论引导/马克思主义群众史观/马克思主义新闻观Key words
populist phenomena/cyber ideological security/online populist news/network communication/public opinion guidance/Marxist views on the history of the masses/Marxist view of journalism分类
社会科学引用本文复制引用
朱清河..民粹现象的网络泛滥及其马克思主义批判[J].西安交通大学学报（社会科学版）,2025,45(4):104-112,9.基金项目
教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目(21JZD010) （21JZD010）
教育部哲学社会科学研究后期资助项目(19JHK080). （19JHK080）
