西北地质2025，Vol.58Issue(4)：41-55,15.DOI:10.12401/j.nwg.2025035
青海省东昆仑岩浆镍钴矿床成矿差异性分析:以夏日哈木和石头坑德矿床为例
Analysis of Metallogenic Differences in Magmatic Ni-Co Deposits in the East Kunlun Orogenic Belt,Qinghai Province:A Case Study of the Xiarihamu and Shitoukengde Deposits
摘要
Abstract
Nickel and cobalt are essential minerals for the national economy,and technological development.With the rapid development of new energy vehicles,China's demand for nickel and cobalt resources has surged,with over 92%of nickel raw materials and 98%of cobalt raw materials relying on imports.This dependency poses significant security risks to the supply of mineral resources,directly threatening national security.There-fore,it is urgent to enhance the understanding of the metallogenic regularity of nickel and cobalt deposits domes-tically and to find new resource continuation areas.China's limited sources of nickel and cobalt differ signifi-cantly from the rest of the world,with 93%of nickel resources and 45%of cobalt resources coming from mag-matic nickel-cobalt sulfide deposits.Thus,magmatic nickel-cobalt deposits are the most important type of de-posits for achieving resource exploration and reserve increase in China.The East Kunlun orogenic belt in Qing-hai Province hosts numerous mafic-ultramafic intrusions,offering favorable metallogenic geological conditions and resource potential,indicating great prospects for exploration.However,despite sharing the same metallo-genic background and similar metallogenic characteristics,the Xiarihamu and Shitoukengde deposits exhibit sig-nificant differences in ore quality and orebody scale.One is a super-large deposit with high grade(1 180 thou-sand tons Ni@0.68%),while the other is a large deposit with lower grade(120 thousand tons Ni@0.44%).This disparity greatly restricts the exploration and new breakthroughs in nickel and cobalt resources.This paper sys-tematically reviews the metallogenic characteristics,ore-controlling conditions,metallogenic processes,and ex-ploration potential of the two deposits,revealing that assimilation is the key process leading to sulfide segrega-tion and the formation of nickel-cobalt deposits.The differences in the degree of assimilation and the sulfur con-tent of the surrounding rocks are the direct causes of the significant metallogenic differences between the two deposits.Furthermore,it is pointed out that the mafic-ultramafic intrusions in the ancient gneiss surrounding rocks are the key direction and space for achieving new discoveries in nickel-cobalt exploration.This can sup-port and serve the new round of strategic actions for exploration breakthroughs,enhancing the capability to se-cure nickel and cobalt resources.关键词
镁铁-超镁铁质岩/镍钴硫化物/成矿特征/差异分析/东昆仑Key words
mafic-ultramafic rocks/nickel-cobalt sulfides/metallogenic characteristics/differential analysis/East Kunlun分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
艾启兴,张照伟,谭文娟,王亚磊,邵继,申大利,张晨博..青海省东昆仑岩浆镍钴矿床成矿差异性分析:以夏日哈木和石头坑德矿床为例[J].西北地质,2025,58(4):41-55,15.基金项目
国家自然科学基金地质联合基金项目"昆仑成矿带及西延镍钴锂矿产境内外对比与跨境成矿规律研究"(U2244204),第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究专题"稀贵金属(金、镍、钴、铬铁矿、铂族元素)科学考察与远景评估"(2019QZKK0801)及中国地质调查局项目"全国镍钴矿战略性矿产调查"(DD20240128)联合资助. （U2244204）
