水资源与水工程学报2025，Vol.36Issue(3)：108-115,124,9.DOI:10.11705/j.issn.1672-643X.2025.03.13
三峡水库对局地气候的影响研究
Effect of the Three Gorges Reservoir on the local climate
摘要
Abstract
The establishment of the Three Gorges Dam and its reservoir has modified local underlying sur-faces and hydrological cycles,influencing the local wet and dry characteristics.To investigate the effect of the Three Gorges Reservoir on local climate,we analyzed dry-wet changes of 49 years in the area,fo-cusing on the differences and causes before and after the establishment of the reservoir,based on the ob-servation data from 36 meteorological stations in the Three Gorges Reservoir and its buffer area during 1971-2019.The aridity index(AI),Penman-Monteith evapotranspiration model,Mann-Kendall test and climate inclination rate were combined for the analysis.The results show that the Three Gorges area experienced a shift from wet to dry conditions from 1971 to 2019,primarily due to the changes in annual reference crop evapotranspiration(ET0).The average AI in the region tended to decrease,with 25%of the stations showing a significant decline(p<0.05);whereas ET0 tended to increase,with 36.1%of the stations showing a significant rise.Variations in wind speed and relative humidity contributed most to the changes in ET0,with their combined effect driving the average ET0 in the entire region to increase.Before and after the establishment of the reservoir in 2003,ET0 changed from a decreasing trend to an in-creasing trend,causing the AI to switch from an increasing trend to a decreasing trend.The shift in ET0 was controlled by changes in relative humidity and wind speed.Before the establishment,wind speed tended to decrease and relative humidity tended to increase;after the establishment,wind speed tended to increase and relative humidity tended to decrease.These findings can enhance the understanding of long-term climate impacts by the Three Gorges Project and reservoir-climate interactions.关键词
气候干湿变化/干燥度指数/蒸散量/风速/相对湿度/三峡水库Key words
climate dry-wet change/aridity index/evapotranspiration/wind speed/relative humidity/the Three Gorges Reservoir分类
建筑与水利引用本文复制引用
杜碧莹,王文婷,杨阳,郑影华..三峡水库对局地气候的影响研究[J].水资源与水工程学报,2025,36(3):108-115,124,9.基金项目
国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(42307424) （42307424）
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFE0113800) （2021YFE0113800）
