西南农业学报2025，Vol.38Issue(4)：715-724,10.DOI:10.16213/j.cnki.scjas.2025.4.005
黄腐酸钾与稻壳生物炭对无土栽培樱桃番茄生长、产量和品质的影响
Effects of potassium humate and rice husk biochar on growth,yield and quality of cherry tomatoes under soilless cultivation
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The present study aimed to enhance the growth,yield and quality of cherry tomatoes under soilless cultivation in green-houses while reducing pest and disease incidence.The goal was to develop a substrate formulation suitable for practical production and large-scale promotion of cherry tomato soilless cultivation.[Method]The experiment was conducted using the cherry tomato cultivar'Meicheng'.A base substrate formula(CK)comprising vermicompost∶v(organic fertilizer)∶v(coconut coir)∶v(perlite)=3.5∶2∶2∶2.5 was used.Addi-tional treatments included 1％potassium humate(F1),2.5％potassium humate(F2),5％potassium humate(F3),5％rice husk biochar(C1),10％rice husk biochar(C2),and 20％rice husk biochar(C3).The effects of these treatments on the growth,yield and quality of cherry tomatoes were evaluated using a suspended cultivation system.[Result]Both potassium humate and rice husk biochar significantly pro-moted plant height,stem diameter and leaf area at different growth stages of cherry tomatoes.During the fruiting stage,stem diameter and leaf area in the F1 treatment increased by 2.67％and 18.84％,respectively,compared to CK.Yield increased significantly in the F3 and C3 treatments,by 22.93％and 31.84％,respectively,compared to CK.However,excessive additions of potassium humate and rice husk biochar increased the incidence of blossom-end rot,with C3 showing the highest increase of 1.72％.The seedling mortality rates in the F3 and C3 treatments were 7.69％and 8.33％,respectively.Potassium humate significantly enhanced the vitamin C and soluble sugar contents of cherry tomato fruits,with F2 increasing soluble sugar content by 42.74％and F3 increasing vitamin C content by 8.21％compared to CK.Grey re-lational analysis revealed that potassium humate had a higher contribution to quality improvement,while rice husk biochar contributed more to yield and disease reduction.A comprehensive evaluation of four variables(yield,vitamin C,soluble sugar and disease incidence)identified F3 as the optimal treatment.[Conclusion]The incorporation of potassium fulvic acid into the substrate effectively enhanced nutrient availabil-ity,particularly nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium,thereby improving plant growth and fruit quality.The addition of rice husk biochar con-tributed to substrate pH stabilization and total nitrogen storage,enhancing nutrient cycling efficiency.A comprehensive assessment based on grey correlation analysis determined that the addition of 5％potassium fulvic acid(F3)yielded the most favorable outcomes in terms of cher-ry tomato growth,yield,and fruit quality.These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing substrate formulations in soilless cherry toma-to cultivation.关键词
基质栽培/樱桃番茄/生长发育/产量/品质/灰色关联度分析Key words
Substrate cultivation/Cherry tomato/Growth and development/Yield/Quality/Grey relational analysis分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
魏世晋,李伟,李永慧,方梦萦,洪勇,李玉成..黄腐酸钾与稻壳生物炭对无土栽培樱桃番茄生长、产量和品质的影响[J].西南农业学报,2025,38(4):715-724,10.基金项目
肥东县农业面源污染治理试点工作第三方服务项目(K160139421) （K160139421）
