西南农业学报2025，Vol.38Issue(4)：725-733,9.DOI:10.16213/j.cnki.scjas.2025.4.006
不同采收期乌天麻中矿质元素和有效成分分析
Analysis of mineral elements and active components of gastrodia elata Bl.f.glauca S.chow in different harvest period
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The study aimed to investigate the changes of yield,active constituents and mineral element content of Gastrodia elata Bl.f.glauca S.chow in different harvesting periods.[Method]The yield and drying rate of G.elata Bl.f.glauca S.chow at different harvest times were determined.The content of gastrodin,p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol,parishin A,B,C and E in G.elata Bl.f.glauca S.chow at different harvest times was determined by HPLC and the contents of mineral elements were analyzed by ICP.Correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between the active constituents and mineral elements of G.elata Bl.f.glauca S.chow.Principal component analysis(PCA)was used to comprehensively evaluate the active constituents and mineral elements of G.elata Bl.f.glauca S.chow.[Result]The yield and dry percentage of G.elata Bl.f.glauca S.chow in different harvest periods increased with the increase of harvest month,and the increase ten-ded to be stable after December.G.elata Bl.f.glauca S.chow was rich in mineral elements such as Ca,P and Mg,with the highest content of P and the lowest content of Cu in each harvest period.The contents of mineral elements in G.elata Bl.f.glauca S.chow were different at dif-ferent harvesting periods,and the coefficients of variation of eight mineral elements were in the order of Fe＞Na＞Zn＞Ca＞Mn＞Mg＞Cu＞P.The total content of gastrodin and p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol reached the highest in November,and the total content of Parishin reached the highest in December.P-hydroxybenzyl alcohol,Parishin A,Parishin B,Parishin C,Parishin E and Na were positive correlations with different harvest months.Parishin A,Parishin B and Zn also showed positive correlations,whereas Ca,Fe,Mn,Na and P were negatively correlated with gastrodin.Fe and Mg were positively correlated with p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol,Parishin A,Parishin B,Parishin C and parishin E.The results of principal component analysis revealed that eight mineral elements were reduced to three principal components,accounting for a cumulative va-riance of 84.962％.The effective components and yield of G.elata Bl.f.glauca S.chow were simplified into two main components,with a cu-mulative contribution rate of 94.561％.The comprehensive score of the PCA was the highest in December 2023.[Conclusion]The best har-vest time of G.elata Bl.f.glauca S.chow in Luquan county altitude and climate is December 2023,which provides a reference for the harvest time of G.elata Bl.f.glauca S.chow.关键词
乌天麻有效成分/矿质元素/相关性/主成分分析Key words
Effective components of gastrodia elata Bl.f.glauca S.chow/Mineral elements/Correlation/Main component analysis分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
杨梦,冷启波,汪海翔,侯英,刘祥义,徐娟..不同采收期乌天麻中矿质元素和有效成分分析[J].西南农业学报,2025,38(4):725-733,9.基金项目
云南省农业基础研究联合专项项目(202301BD070001-236) （202301BD070001-236）
