西南农业学报2025，Vol.38Issue(4)：757-768,12.DOI:10.16213/j.cnki.scjas.2025.4.009
茶炭疽病拮抗木霉菌株的分离鉴定及其对茶炭疽病的拮抗作用
Isolation,screening and antagonism of antagonistic Trichoderma strains against tea anthracnose
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The species,biological characteristics and antagonism of biocontrol Trichoderma spp.around tea rizosphere soil against tea anthracnose were explored to provide the theoretical basis for application of biocontrol Trichoderma spp.in green biological control of tea anthracnose.[Method]The antagonistic Trichoderma strains with a significant antagonism against Colletotrichum camelliae were isolated and screened from tea rizosphere soil by the gradient dilution,plate confrontation and inhibition zone methods.The morphology,phylogenetic tree and biological characteristics of the screened antagonistic Trichoderma strains were analyzed by electron microscope observation,ITS,Tefl-αsequence amplification and key physicochemical indexes determination,and the antibacterial mechanism was discussed preliminarily.[Re-sult]The inhibition rates of 9 screened Trichoderma strains against C.camelliae was above 70％and the inhibition rates of F2 strain reaches 83.68％(the highest).The results from colony morphology observation and ITS,Tefl-α sequence amplification indicated that F2 strain and Trichoderma yunnanense were clustered into the same group because their similarity rate reaches 91％.Therefore,F2 strain was identified as T.yunnanense.The colony diameter and sporulation quantity of F2 strain cultured on PDA medium at 24 hours,48 hours and on 7 days can reach 3.73 cm,7.83 cm and 24.02 × 108 spores/mL respectively.The optimum culture conditions of T.yunnanense included PDA medium,sucrose,peptone,pH 6,25 ℃ and light/dark(12 hours/12 hours)alternate culture.Under the optimum single factor culture condition,the sporulation quantity of T.yunnanense cultured on PDA medium with the optimum carbon source,nitrogen source,pH,temperature and light hours reached 17.95 × 108,18.63 × 108,18.69 × 108,21.26 × 108 and 19.84 × 108 spores/mL respectively.The siderophore and indoleace-tic acid content and cellulase activity of F2 strain increased by 87.28％,27.82％and 10.71％compared with D6 strain with a poor antibac-terial effect respectively but there was no significant difference in chitinase activity between F2 strain and D6 strain.Compared with the blank control,the malondialdehyde(MDA)content in the pathogen increased by 41.85％,and the superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),peroxidase(POD),polyphenol oxidase(PPO)and phenylalanine ammonialyase(PAL)activity significantly decreased by 58.08％,80.06％,51.50％,43.87％and 63.63％respectively.The tea yield of the diseased tea trees treated with T.yunnanense fermentation broth increased by 15.92％compared with the blank control and the control effect against tea anthracnose reached 68.55％,which indicates that T.yunnanense fermentation broth treatment could improve tea yield and disease resistance of tea trees significantly.[Conclusion]The screened T.yunnanense with a significant antagonism effect against C.camelliae can play the immune and inducing resistance role by impro-ving plant growth by means of releasing plant growth regulators of siderophore and IAA and inhibit pathogen growth by improving cellulase ac-tivity,breaking the cell wall of anthracnose pathogen and damaging the antioxidant protection system of anthracnose pathogen.The research results lay the important foundation for application of T.yunnanensis in biological control of tea anthracnose.关键词
茶炭疽病/山茶刺盘孢菌/云南木霉菌/生物学特性/生物防治Key words
Tea anthracnose/Colletotrichum camelliae/Trichoderma yunnanensis/Biological characteristics/Biological control分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
刘辉,冯月玲,周罗娜,陈恩发,罗可,刘思睿..茶炭疽病拮抗木霉菌株的分离鉴定及其对茶炭疽病的拮抗作用[J].西南农业学报,2025,38(4):757-768,12.基金项目
贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2023]一般037) （黔科合支撑[2023]一般037）
贵州省基础研究(自然科学)项目(黔科合基础-zk[2025]面上303) （自然科学）
黔南州科技支撑计划项目(黔南科合[2022]01号) （黔南科合[2022]01号）
贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合成果[2024]一般078) （黔科合成果[2024]一般078）
