岩石矿物学杂志2025，Vol.44Issue(4)：965-980,16.DOI:10.20086/j.cnki.yskw.2025.4148
白云鄂博主矿霓石型铌-稀土-铁矿石中铌的赋存分布特征
Occurrence and distribution characteristics of niobium in aegirine-rich ores of main orebody in the Bayan Obo deposit
摘要
Abstract
Niobium is a rare metal and strategic resource that plays an important role in modern industry.The Bay-an Obo Nb-REE-Fe deposit is a super-large niobium deposit with 2.2 Mt Nb2O5 resources at an average grade of 0.13％.Therefore,it is very important to find out the occurrence and distribution characteristics of niobium.The niobium mineral in the Bayan Obo deposit has the features of fine,scattered and thin,which is difficult to find by polarizing microscope,so it is impossible to achieve the research purpose.On the basis of petrography and EDS analysis,the occurrence and distribution characteristics of niobium in deep aegirine-rich Nb-REE-Fe ores in the Bayan Obo main mine were studied by means of AMICS and EPMA.The results show that the average content of Nb2O5 in the ores is 0.15％.Niobium mainly occurs in columbite,pyrochlore,aeschynite,baotite and ilmenoru-tile,the total mineral content of 5 niobium minerals in aegirine-rich ores is 0.40％.The particle size of niobium mineral is fine,＜90 μm accounts for more than 88.16％,and it is a subhedral or anhedral grain.The results of EPMA show that the average content of Nb2O5 in columbite,pyrochlore,aeschynite,baotite and ilmenorutile is 73.46％,63.42％,28.43％,16.03％and 15.81％,respectively.Niobium is mainly occurred in the form of independent niobium minerals,and a few occurred with other minerals in the form of isomorphism and inclusion.Niobium minerals are scattered and mainly distributed among aegirine,monazite and apatite or aegirine,barite and bastnäsite particles,often associated with aegirine,fluorite,monazite,bastnäsite,barite,apatite and other miner-als.The chemical composition of niobium minerals is considerably complex,and the phenomenon of isomorphic substitution is common.The chemical formula of 5 kinds of niobium minerals is calculated and quite complex.There are obvious correlations between Nb and some elements in niobium minerals,and there are selective substitu-tion of Ca2+and Th4+ions in aeschynite,this further indicates that complex isomorphic substitution of niobium min-erals occurs during the formation process.Nb2O5 has the highest occupancy rate in pyrochlore and the lowest in baotite,the former is nearly 32 times of the latter.The total occupancy rate of 5 niobium minerals was 90.51％.Pyrochlore,columbite,ilmenorutile and aeschynite are the main industrial minerals for extracting niobium.This study provides a basis for the mineral processing of niobium in order to make full use of the niobium resources in Bayan Obo.关键词
铌矿物/赋存分布特征/电子探针/白云鄂博Key words
niobium mineral/occurrence distribution characteristics/EPMA/Bayan Obo分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
罗晓锋,杨占峰,曹钊,王振江,王其伟,王艳艳..白云鄂博主矿霓石型铌-稀土-铁矿石中铌的赋存分布特征[J].岩石矿物学杂志,2025,44(4):965-980,16.基金项目
国家重点研发计划(2020YFC1909101) （2020YFC1909101）
内蒙古自然科学基金(2022MS04007) （2022MS04007）
白云鄂博稀土资源研究与综合利用国家重点实验室项目(2021Z2272) （2021Z2272）
内蒙古直属高校基本科研业务费(2023QNJS094) （2023QNJS094）
2025年内蒙古自治区矿业工程重点实验室项目 National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFC1909101) （2020YFC1909101）
Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia(2022MS04007) （2022MS04007）
State Key Laboratory of Bayan Obo Rare Earth Resource Researches and Comprehensive Utilization Program(2021Z2272) （2021Z2272）
Inner Mongolia Universities Directly under the Basic Research Expenses(2023QNJS094) （2023QNJS094）
2025 Key Laboratory project of Mining Engineering of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region （）
