中国草食动物科学2025，Vol.45Issue(4)：52-58,7.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-3887.2025.00.029
施氮量对不同生育期青贮玉米产量和微生物数量的影响
Effect of Nitrogen Application Rates on the Yield and Microbial Count of Silage Maize at Different Maturity Stage
摘要
Abstract
Nitrogen fertilizer is an essential nutrient for growing silage corn.However,the specific mechanisms by which nitrogen application rates influence microbial community structures through regulating silage maize's physiologi-cal and chemical properties remain unclear.This study aimed to compare the effects of different nitrogen application rates(urea)and growth stages on the agronomic traits,yield,and phyllosphere microbial communities of silage corn.The experiment included four nitrogen levels(0 kg N/hm2,N0 group;160 kg N/hm2,N160 group;240 kg N/hm2,N240 group;and 320 kg N/hm2,N320 group),and apply 60％nitrogen fertilizer(base fertilizer)during the seedling stage and 40％nitrogen fertilizer(topdressing)during the jointing stage in silage maize.Samples were collected and analyzed at both the flowering and dough stages.The results indicated that dry matter yield of silage maize tended to increase with higher nitrogen application rates(P>0.05).The dry matter yield at the dough stage was 70.2％higher than that at the flowering stage(P<0.05).For both whole leaves and inside the blade environments,the highest fungal amount was ob-served in N320 treatment group at the flowering and dough stages.Compared to the flowering stage,yeast,and lactic acid bacteria amounts in inside the blade increased by 1.82 lg cfu/g FW and 1.36 lg cfu/g FW,respectively,at the dough stage(P<0.05),while mould amount increased by 0.71 lg cfu/g FW(P<0.05),and free amino acid content de-creased by over 50％(P<0.05).Aerobic bacteria,mould,yeasts,and lactic acid bacteria amounts inside the blade were 40％-60％lower than in whole leaves in different stages and nitrogen application rates(P<0.05).Based on fertilizer costs,yield,and potential silage fermentation quality requirements,this study recommends applying 160 kg N/hm2 and harvesting at the dough stage for silage maize production.关键词
青贮玉米/氮肥/生育期/叶片/微生物Key words
silage maize/nitrogen fertilizer/growth stage/leaves/microorganisms分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
许留兴,何明珠,孙婷,张小龙,蒙元燕,武丹,胡冬..施氮量对不同生育期青贮玉米产量和微生物数量的影响[J].中国草食动物科学,2025,45(4):52-58,7.基金项目
云南省基础研究计划青年项目(202201AU070161) （202201AU070161）
云南省地方本科高校基础研究联合专项(202301BA070001-120) （202301BA070001-120）
兴昭人才计划项目(2023) （2023）
