中国康复理论与实践2025，Vol.31Issue(7)：745-754,10.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2025.00.001
运用ICF构建残疾标准的理论架构与方法体系
Constructing disability eligibility standards using ICF:conceptual framework,approaches and methodological systems
摘要
Abstract
Objective To construct a conceptual framework and methodology for developing disability eligibility/standard using the bio-psycho-social model of disability,and classification theory and methods of the International Classification of Functioning,Disability and Health(ICF). Methods Based on the ICF's bio-psycho-social model,and aliged with the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and the World Health Organization technical documents in the fields of disability statis-tics and services,this study explored the systematic implementation of ICF to construct a conceptual framework and methodology for disability eligibility/standards,including core concepts and terminology of functioning and disability,methods and system of classification and grading,coding system,standardization of disability survey questionnaires and protocols,and assessment/evaluation tools,as well as standard system of disability data. Results The establishment of disability standards should be based on specific application contexts and functions.Stan-dards for surveys and statistics emphasized data collection and analysis,applied to the design of survey question-naires and methodologies.Standards for service eligibility focused on determining service qualification through structured assessments/evaluation of functioning and disability.Comprehensive standards served both purposes.A well-rounded disability standard integrated a clear theoretical framework,scientific classification,grading and coding systems,and standardized disability reporting and evaluation/assessment methods/tools.The conceptual framework and methodological system for disability standards based on ICF comprised five core aspects:a core conceptual and terminological system for disability;disability classification and grading methods and systems;a scientifically structured classification,grading,and coding system;standardized disability reporting and assess-ment/evaluation methods and procedures;and standardized disability data systems.Applying ICF in practice in-volved systematically integrating the theoretical framework into the development of disability classification and grading systems,constructing coding systems using ICF,implementing standardized disability reporting and as-sessment/evaluation tools derived from the ICF,designing and standardizing disability survey instruments,ques-tionnaires/protocols,and assessment/evaluation tools and protocols,and establishing ICF-based disability data standards. Conclusion ICF provides a robust conceptual framework and methodology for the development of disability eligibility/standards.The bio-psycho-social model,conceptual framework and methodological approaches of classification,grading and coding of functioning and disability,and ICF-based standardized survey and assessment/evaluation tools,enable the establishment of core disability concepts and terminology,disability classification and grading systems,disability coding systems,disability survey questionnaires and protocols and assessment/evaluation tools and programs,and disability data standards.The systematic application of the ICF framework and method-ology enhances the scientific rigor,inclusivity and applicability of disability eligibility/standards.关键词
残疾标准/残疾概念和术语/编码/调查问卷/评估/评定/数据/国际功能、残疾和健康分类Key words
disability eligibility/standards/concepts and terminology/coding of disability/survey questionnaire/evaluation/assessment/data/International Classification of Functioning,Disability and Health分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
杨亚茹,邱卓英,陈迪,王忠彦,张萌,宋桂芸..运用ICF构建残疾标准的理论架构与方法体系[J].中国康复理论与实践,2025,31(7):745-754,10.基金项目
1.中国残联课题项目(No.24&BZ001) （No.24&BZ001）
2.中国康复科学所中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(No.CRSI2024CZ-1) （No.CRSI2024CZ-1）
3.国家卫生健康委医院管理研究所医疗质量(循证)管理研究项目(No.YLZLXZ24G032) （循证）
4.中央高水平医院临床科研业务费(No.2022-PUMCH-A-223) （No.2022-PUMCH-A-223）
5.山东省重点研发计划(软科学)项目(No.2023RZA01011 （软科学）
No.2023RZB01013) China Disabled Persons'Federation Research Project(No.24&BZ001),the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Public Welfare Research Institutes,conducted by China Rehabilitation Science Institute(No.CRSI2024CZ-1),National Health Commission Hospital Management Research Institute Medical Quality(Evidence-based)Management Research Project(No.YLZLXZ24G032),Central High Level Hospital Clinical Research Business Expenses(No.2022-PUMCH-A-223),and Shandong Key Research and Development Plan(Soft Science)(No.2023RZA01011 （No.24&BZ001）
No.2023RZB01013) （）
