中国康复理论与实践2025，Vol.31Issue(7)：802-811,10.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2025.07.007
福利机构成年残疾人照护服务需求分级评估工具研制
Development of a needs assessment tool for grading care services for adults with disabilities in welfare institutions
摘要
Abstract
Objective To develop a tool for assessing the needs for care services for adults with disabilities in welfare institutions,and formulate criteria for classifying care needs. Methods Based on the theory of the International Classification of Functioning,Disability and Health,the core contents of domestic and international care service assessment standards were analysed,and the first draft of the assess-ment tool was formed integrating with the current practice of welfare institutions.A total of eleven experts in the field of care services validated the first draft,and the assessment tool was revised according to the experts'opin-ions.From May to June,2024,340 adults with disabilities from Second Social Welfare Institute of Shanghai were graded to analyze the reliability and validity of the assessment tool.And then,1 046 subjects from Second Social Welfare Institute of Shanghai were graded using the assessment tool,and the scoring intervals for the five levels of care were determined using cluster analysis. Results The assessment tool included four first-level dimensions,eleven second-level dimensions,39 third-level dimen-sions and 43 indicators.The coefficients of variation of each dimension and indicator were less than 0.25 for ex-pert validation,while the average score of the importance of each indicator was above 4.63,with a full score rate more than 0.86.The overall Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.956,the test-retest reliability was 0.997,and the con-tent validity index of each indicator was 0.83 to 1.00.The exploratory factor analysis extracted four common fac-tors,with a cumulative variance contribution of 86.679%;the loading coefficients of indicators were 0.675 to 0.878,and the correlation coefficients among the dimensions were 0.325 to 0.476.Cluster analysis determined the level of institutional care needs as level 1(severe),level 2(medium-heavy),level 3(medium),level 4(light-moderate),and level 5(light). Conclusion The needs assessment tool for care services for adults with disabilities in welfare institutions developed in this study is good in reliability and validity,and can be used in guiding the care services provided for people with disabilities more efficient and targeted.关键词
成年人/残疾人/机构照护/评估工具/需求分级/信度/效度Key words
adults/people with disabilities/institutional care/assessment tools/grading care needs/reliability/validity分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
孙嘉遥,马春华,吕军,唐琪,邵志民,胡康宁,黄昊鹰,黄爱华..福利机构成年残疾人照护服务需求分级评估工具研制[J].中国康复理论与实践,2025,31(7):802-811,10.基金项目
1.上海市民政局科研课题(No.MZKT-2024-01-23) （No.MZKT-2024-01-23）
2.唐仲英基金会资助项目(No.C32-0201-2401) （No.C32-0201-2401）
3.中国残疾人联合会2024年残疾人服务标准研制计划课题 （）
4.国家社会科学基金重大项目(No.17ZDA078) Shanghai Municipal Civil Affairs Bureau Research Project(No.MZKT-2024-01-23),Tang Zhongying Foundation(No.C32-0201-2401),China Disabled Persons'Federation 2024 Disability Service Standard Development Plan,and National Social Science Foundation of China(Major)(No.17ZDA078) （No.17ZDA078）
