中国农业科学2025，Vol.58Issue(14)：2707-2719,13.DOI:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.14.001
华南籼稻稻瘟病抗性QTL鉴定与候选基因挖掘
Genome-Wide Association Study and Genetic Improvement Study of Rice Blast Resistance
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]Rice blast critically compromises rice production.The genetic enhancement of blast resistance remains challenging due to pathogen variability and limited genetic diversity in breeding parents.This study seeks to accelerate resistance breeding by identifying novel resistance loci through systematic germplasm characterization.[Method]A panel of 265 sequenced indica rice accessions(including 120 international germplasms and 145 cultivars from South China)underwent field-based blast resistance evaluation.Genome-wide association study(GWAS)was subsequently employed to identify blast resistance quantitative trait loci(QTL).Haplotype effects of these QTL on blast resistance were analyzed,and candidate genes within newly identified QTL regions were predicted using rice genome annotation.[Result]Field resistance evaluation identified 47 accessions(18 international germplasms and 29 cultivars from South China)exhibiting high resistance to both panicle and leaf blast.GWAS detected nine blast resistance QTL distributed across chromosomes 1,5,6,11,and 12,respectively.Among them,four QTL was co-localized with previously reported blast resistance genes and five QTL were newly identified.Haplotype analysis revealed significant resistance variations associated with peak SNP alleles,with eight QTL showing higher frequency of resistant haplotypes in cultivars from South China compared to international germplasms.Notably,the qPB11 locus demonstrated an inverse distribution pattern,where its resistant haplotype frequency was substantially lower in cultivars from South China(1%)than in international germplasm(16%).Candidate gene analysis within novel QTL regions identified four NBS-LRR disease resistance proteins and four NB-ARC domain-containing proteins,with eight candidate genes clustered within a 27.22-27.35 Mb interval on chromosome 11.[Conclusion]Cultivars from South China exhibit superior blast resistance compared to international germplasms.The high-resistance haplotypes of qPB1-1,qPB1-2,qPB1-3,qPB5,qPB6,qPB12-1,and qLB12/qPB12-2 have been preferentially selected during the genetic improvement of cultivars from South China.Furthermore,the qPB11 locus harbors genes encoding NBS-LRR disease-resistant proteins and NB-ARC domain-containing proteins,representing new potential resistance gene for rice blast disease.关键词
水稻/稻瘟病/种质资源/全基因组关联分析/数量性状位点/遗传改良Key words
rice/rice blast/germplasm/genome-wide association study/QTL(quantitative trait locis)/genetic improvement引用本文复制引用
郑敏华,孙伟,霍兴,白嵩,赵均良,杨武,陈洛,邢甲乐,谢月兰,姜先芽,聂帅,蔡甫格,巫浩翔,陆展华..华南籼稻稻瘟病抗性QTL鉴定与候选基因挖掘[J].中国农业科学,2025,58(14):2707-2719,13.基金项目
广东省重点领域研发计划(2022B0202060002)、科技创新战略(农业科研主力军建设)专项(R2023PY-JX001)、广东省农业科学院水稻研究所优谷计划(2022YG05)、广东省水稻科学技术重点实验室(2023B1212060042) （2022B0202060002）
