中国农业科学2025，Vol.58Issue(15)：2948-2959,12.DOI:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.15.002
新疆冬小麦品种资源蛋白组分及品质的遗传多样性
Genetic Diversity Analysis of Protein Fractions and Quality in Xinjiang Winter Wheat Cultivar Resources
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]To provide high-quality parental materials for broadening the genetic foundation of Xinjiang wheat resources as well as parental selection and cultivar development in breeding programs,the genetic diversity and relationships of protein quality traits and storage protein components in Xinjiang wheat germplasm resources were analyzed in this study.[Method]A total of 303 Xinjiang wheat accessions were evaluated for variation,correlation,and cluster analysis of protein quality traits and storage protein component contents.Genetic diversity indices(H')and membership function values were calculated to comprehensively assess the materials.[Result]The coefficients of variation(CV)for protein quality traits and storage protein component contents in Xinjiang wheat resources ranged from 5.52%to 60.99%and 9.17%to 23.69%,respectively.The highest CV for protein quality traits was observed in 8-minute width(60.99%),while the highest CV for storage protein components was found in unextractable polymeric protein(UPP,23.69%).Genetic diversity indices ranged from 1.06 to 2.15 with an average of 1.78.In addition,the gluten index(GI)exhibiting the highest value(2.15)and peak time(PT)the lowest(1.06).Correlation and multiple regression analyses demonstrated that the comprehensive evaluation value(F15)effectively assessed protein quality(gluten quality).Key traits for protein quality evaluation included gluten index(GI),peak time(PT),8 minute width,sedimentation value(SV),and unextractable polymeric protein(UPP),which are applicable for future breeding applications.Cluster analysis classified the 303 accessions into three groups(15.84%,43.23%,and 40.92%,respectively).Group I exhibited the highest comprehensive evaluation value(F15)and optimal quality indices,with significantly superior means for seven parameters,including percentage of unextractable polymeric protein(%UPP),unextractable polymeric protein(UPP),gluten index(GI),peak time(PT),8 minute width,8 minute area,and sedimentation value(SV).This confirmed the reliability of F15 in evaluating gluten quality.[Conclusion]The genetic diversity distribution patterns and relationships of protein quality traits and storage protein components in Xinjiang winter wheat resources were elucidated.Critical traits for protein quality evaluation were identified,and a set of accessions with superior comprehensive performance in storage protein components and protein quality traits were selected based on F15.These resources hold significant potential for utilization in future wheat breeding programs of Xinjiang.关键词
小麦/蛋白质品质性状/蛋白组分/遗传多样性/聚类分析Key words
wheat/protein quality trait/protein fraction/genetic diversity/cluster analysis引用本文复制引用
刘鹏鹏,李江博,徐红军,聂迎彬,韩新年,孔德真,桑伟..新疆冬小麦品种资源蛋白组分及品质的遗传多样性[J].中国农业科学,2025,58(15):2948-2959,12.基金项目
兵团财政科技计划(2024DB010)、国家自然科学基金(31560391)、兵团农业攻关项目(NYHXG2023AA201)、新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划(2024B02007-3-4)、新疆农垦科学院创新工程(NCG202305) （2024DB010）
