中国人口·资源与环境2025，Vol.35Issue(5)：35-44,10.DOI:10.12062/cpre.20250320
中美碳排放司法规制的逻辑基础及其适用规则比较
A comparative study on the rationale and application rules of judicial regulatory systems for carbon emissions in China and the United States
摘要
Abstract
This study compares the judicial regulatory systems for carbon emissions in China and the United States.By comprehensive-ly employing methods such as literature analysis,case comparison,and textual interpretation,it systematically examines the legal evolu-tion,institutional frameworks,and judicial practices associated with carbon emissions in both countries.The research reveals their in-herent logic and provides references for the development of China's low-carbon legal system.The United States'carbon-related cases are predominantly concentrated in administrative judicial remedies,establishing a prevention-supervision framework by constraining federal decision-making through its environmental impact assessment(EIA)system.In contrast,China primarily relies on criminal-civil public interest litigation as the main approach,constructing a legal liability framework tailored to its"dual carbon"goals through judi-cial authorities'interpretation and application of laws.Through comparative legal studies,this study seeks to strike an optimal balance between distinguishing the differences and transferable aspects of national legal systems,as well as between the established experienc-es of developed countries and the construction of China's self-reliant knowledge framework.Three key recommendations are proposed as follows:Firstly,strengthen the People's Procuratorates'oversight over administrative agencies'implementation of"dual carbon"goals through environmental administrative public interest litigation,thereby establishing an accountability mechanism for administra-tive public interest litigation.Secondly,building upon China's existing administrative litigation framework,expand the scope of eligible entities in environmental civil public interest litigation and encourage social organizations'participation in carbon-related dispute reso-lution to foster a multi-stakeholder collaborative governance framework.Thirdly,systematically structure the applicable rules for carbon trading cases through the accumulation of judicial adjudication precedents,thereby achieving greater systemization.Combining institu-tional comparisons with empirical analysis,this study identifies both country-specific characteristics and universal patterns in the judi-cial regulation of carbon emissions,providing pathway references for China to refine its carbon judicial governance system.关键词
碳排放/环境影响评价/司法救济Key words
carbon emissions/environmental impact assessment/judicial remedy分类
社会科学引用本文复制引用
唐瑭,马博弈..中美碳排放司法规制的逻辑基础及其适用规则比较[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2025,35(5):35-44,10.基金项目
国家社会科学基金后期资助项目"生态文明法治转型下我国海洋环境保护的理论与实践研究"(批准号:24FFXB025). （批准号:24FFXB025）
