作物研究2025，Vol.39Issue(3)：220-232,13.
不同马铃薯品种氮素利用效率综合评价研究
Comprehensive Evaluation of Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Different Potato Varieties
摘要
Abstract
Nitrogen fertilizer is the core limiting factor of potato yield,but the nitrogen use efficiency of potato varieties in China has been lower than 35%for a long time,which is 5-25 percentage points lower than that of developed countries,which seriously restricts the implementation of the"double reduction"strategy.In view of this bottleneck,this study used 37 main potato cultivarieties as materials to comprehensively evaluate the nitrogen use of 37 potato varieties under low and high nitrogen conditions,and conducted correlation analysis,in order to provide reference for nitrogen fertilizer application of different potato varieties in China and provide parental materials for the screening of nitrogen efficient utilization re-sources.The results showed that under low nitrogen conditions,Yueshu No.3,Zhongshu No.3,Huashu No.3,Xingjia No.2,Huashu No.8 and Zhongshu No.17 performed well in yield,quality and commercial potato rate.Zhongshu No.17,Huaen No.1,Zhongshu No.3,Zhongshu No.20,Eshu No.14,Dongnong No.310 and Yueshu No.3 performed prominently in terms of biomass.Huashu No.8,Huashu No.3 and Yueshu No.3 had high nitrogen use efficiency and low theoretical ni-trogen requirement for target yield.Under high nitrogen treatment,Huashu No.4,Huashu No.3,Huashu No.8,Xingjia No.2 and Zhongshu No.3 performed well in terms of yield per plant,quality of potatoes per plant and rate of commercial potatoes.The biomass of Zhongshu No.18,Eshu No.5,Zhongshu No.3 and Huashu No.3 was outstanding.Huashu No.8 and Huashu No.4 had a higher nitrogen harvest index and a lower theoretical nitrogen requirement for target yield,which were high-nitrogen and high-efficiency varieties.The yield per plant was negatively correlated with the number of potatoes per plant,and positively correlated with the quality of tubash per plant.Nitrogen harvest index was significantly positively correlated with tuber nitrogen accumulation and harvest index.Comprehensive analysis showed that Yueshu No.3 and Hua-shu No.3 were low-nitrogen high-efficiency varieties,Huashu No.4 was a high-nitrogen high-efficiency variety,and Hua-shu No.8 was a double-high-efficiency variety with excellent comprehensive performance,which was suitable for further promotion and planting in Hunan.关键词
马铃薯/施肥/氮素/利用效率/产量/品种Key words
potato/fertilization/nitrogen/utilization efficiency/yield/variety分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
曾祥飞,熊兴耀,胡新喜,王云霞,董文,向峰,王丹,张铭洋,康国菊,阳涛,薛志红..不同马铃薯品种氮素利用效率综合评价研究[J].作物研究,2025,39(3):220-232,13.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD1201505) （2023YFD1201505）
湖南省棉花科技创新项目(湘财建指[2024]162号). （湘财建指[2024]162号）
