作物学报2025，Vol.51Issue(8)：2033-2047,15.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2025.51023
小麦花药培养最佳取样时期穗部形态特征鉴定与高培养力基因型筛选
Characterization of spike morphological traits at optimal sampling stage and screening of high-culturability genotypes in wheat anther culture
摘要
Abstract
Haploid breeding based on anther culture is an important method for the efficient selection of wheat varieties.However,the efficiency of anther culture varies significantly among different wheat genotypes,which limits its broader application in wheat breeding.To date,a few wheat lines with high anther culture efficiency—such as Shi4185,H307,and Zhoumai16—have been identified.Nevertheless,there remains a lack of sufficient high-performing materials to support large-scale application of this technique.In this study,we systematically evaluated anther culture-related traits in 94 wheat varieties grown under greenhouse conditions.The optimal anther sampling stage for these varieties was determined to occur when the distance between the tip of the developing spike and the leaf auricle ranged from-5 cm to 2 cm,with the highest sampling frequency observed at-2 cm.Notably,spike morphological characteristics associated with the optimal sampling period differed between plants grown under greenhouse and field conditions.Among the 94 greenhouse-grown varieties,the callus induction rate,green shoot differentiation rate,albino shoot differentiation rate,and green plantlet production rate during anther culture ranged from 0-15%,0-100%,0-60%,and 0-22.95%,respectively.The callus induction rate showed highly significant positive correlations with the green shoot differentia-tion rate,albino shoot differentiation rate,and green plantlet production rate.Moreover,the callus induction rate exhibited consis-tent performance across both greenhouse and field conditions.Of the 94 varieties tested,fourteen exhibited green plantlet produc-tion rates exceeding 1%,and six varieties met the criteria for high anther culture efficiency while also demonstrating excellent agronomic traits.These varieties represent valuable germplasm resources for haploid breeding in wheat.This study provides practical techniques and genetic materials to support the advancement of wheat haploid breeding programs.关键词
小麦/双单倍体/花药培养/高花药培养力/育种应用Key words
wheat/double haploid/anther culture/high anther culture ability/breeding application引用本文复制引用
鲁向前,付玉洁,赵俊恒,郑楠楠,孙楠楠,张国平,叶玲珍..小麦花药培养最佳取样时期穗部形态特征鉴定与高培养力基因型筛选[J].作物学报,2025,51(8):2033-2047,15.基金项目
本研究由宁波市科技计划项目(2023S154)和浙江省农业新品种选育重大科技专项(2021C02064-3)资助.This study was supported by Ningbo Science and Technology Plan Project(2023S154)and the Zhejiang Science and Technology Major Pro-gram on Agricultural New Variety Breeding(2021C02064-3). （2023S154）
