植物遗传资源学报2025，Vol.26Issue(7)：1318-1330,13.DOI:10.13430/j.cnki.jpgr.20241212004
救荒野豌豆种质资源调查收集及表型鉴定评价
Collection and Phenotypic Identification of Vicia sativa L.Germplasm Resources
摘要
Abstract
Common vetch(Vicia sativa L.)is an annual or biennial legume with high protein content and strong adaptability under cold climates,drought conditions,and poor soil fertility.It is extensively utilized as a green manure and livestock feed,playing a crucial role in crop rotation systems.However,its systematic investigation,collection,identification and evaluation remain yet conducted to date in China.In order to explore its application potential and select high-yielding and superior germplasm varieties,this study collected 212 germplasm resources from the regions of Guizhou,Qinghai,Sichuan and Yunnan provinces,China.Field trials were conducted and phenotypic data was investigated for diversity analysis and identification.The results revealed a rich genetic diversity at 16 agronomic traits,with seed number per plant(SNPP,70％)exhibiting the highest coefficient of variation.Correlation analysis indicated predominantly positive associations among most of the characters.Through statistical analysis between common vetch from different regions,maturity time traits was detected with extremely significant diversification between Guizhou and Sichuan,while variations at multiple trait were observed between Qinghai and Yunnan germplasm and other regions across multiple traits.Principal component analysis(PCA)condensed the 16 agronomic traits into five principal components,accounting for a cumulative contribution rate of 81.1％.The first principal component primarily encompassed yield-related traits such as grain weight per plant,grain number per plant,dry pod length,and pod number per plant,and the second principal component mainly represented grain size attributes including hundred-grain weight,grain length,and grain width.Three-dimensional cluster analysis based on PCA exhibited distinct phenotypic differentiation among germplasm from different regions.Germplasm from Yunnan and Qinghai formed separate clusters while those from Guizhou and Sichuan grouped together,indicating morphological trait similarities within Sichuan and Guizhou resources.Two elite germplasms were characterized by increasing number of pods and seeds,exhibiting the number of pods per plant exceeding 100,and SNPP surpassing 800.Two germplasms exhibiting large grain were identified,and one of them showed early maturity.These findings provide valuable resources and theoretical support for the conservation,utilization,and breeding enhancement of common vetch germplasm resources.关键词
救荒野豌豆/种质资源/调查收集/表型鉴定/遗传多样性Key words
common vetch/germplasm resources/investigation and collection/phenotypic identification/genetic diversity引用本文复制引用
王宗赫,侯万伟,代正明,吕梅媛,宗绪晓,杨涛,刘荣,张红岩,杨新,李正丽,项超,杨梅,刘玉皎,何玉华,滕长才..救荒野豌豆种质资源调查收集及表型鉴定评价[J].植物遗传资源学报,2025,26(7):1318-1330,13.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1200105-02) （2021YFD1200105-02）
国家自然科学基金(32272134) （32272134）
国家现代农业产业技术体系-食用豆(CARS-08) （CARS-08）
中国农业科学院科技创新工程(01-ICS-07)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFD1200105-02) （01-ICS-07）
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32272134) （32272134）
China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA-Food Legumes(CARS-08) （CARS-08）
Science and Technology Innovation Project of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(01-ICS-07) （01-ICS-07）
