植物营养与肥料学报2025，Vol.31Issue(6)：1045-1055,11.DOI:10.11674/zwyf.2025004
我国小麦籽粒含氮量的空间差异及影响因素
The spatial variation and driving factors of wheat grain nitrogen content in China
摘要
Abstract
[Objectives]Wheat grain nitrogen(N)content is the basis for calculating N management indicators.Studying wheat grain N content and its influencing factors in different agro-ecological zones in China is an important basis for scientifically formulating management measures to increase wheat yield and quality.[Methods]We searched the Web of Science and CNKI databases for literature published between 1980 and 2023 using the keywords of"wheat","yield"and"nitrogen".We adhered to the following criteria to avoid bias in screening literature:1)the trials were conducted in the field condition in China;2)the number of replications of the experimental treatments was at least three;3)the experiment included at least one complete wheat growing season;4)the grain N content must be reported,or it can be calculated by the reported grain yield and N harvest.Finally,we got 333 papers,including sample size of 3086 of grain yield and 1789 of grain N content.We analyzed the differences of wheat grain yield and N content in the four major agro-ecological zones of Northwest China,North China Plain,Middle and Lower Yangtze River Plain,and Southwest China,wheat N harvest and N surpluses in different agro-ecological zones were also calculated.Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis,meta-analysis,and analysis of variance(ANOVA)were used to study the effects of climate,soil,N fertilizer management,and varietal differences on wheat grain N content,and subsequently to analyze the reasons for the spatial variations in wheat grain N content across China.[Results]The average N content of wheat grain in China is 2.37%,with significant differences in different agro-ecological zones.The N content of wheat grain in the North China Plain and Northwest China is relatively high,at 2.43%and 2.37%,respectively,while that in Southwest China and the Middle and Lower Yangtze River Plain is relatively low,at 2.21%and 2.18%,respectively.Wheat N harvest(N surplus)calculated based on the national average N content differed from those calculated using the regionalized grain N content by 0,-4,10 and 8 kg/hm2 in the Northwest China,North China Plain,Middle and Lower Yangtze River Plain and Southwest China,respectively.Wheat grain N content was negatively correlated with the average annual rainfall(P<0.001),while positively correlated with the average annual air temperature and the amount of N applied(P<0.01).There were significant differences in the yields of different functional kinds of wheat in China,which were characterized as medium gluten(6.25 t/hm2)>strong gluten(5.99 t/hm2)>weak gluten(5.76 t/hm2).There was no direct correlation between wheat grain yield and N content,and synergy between yield and quality can be achieved at medium levels of yield.There was also a significant difference in grain N contents among different wheat varieties.Variety selection and rational N application are effective measures to synergize the improvement of wheat yield and grain N content.[Conclusions]When calculating wheat N harvest,it is necessary to consider the differences in grain N content in different agro-ecological zones to accurately assess regional N surpluses and N use efficiency.The main factors affecting wheat grain N content include average annual rainfall,average annual temperature and N application.The wheat grain N content can be significantly enhanced by optimizing N application methods,such as split-application of N,reduction of the proportion of basal fertilizer and deep application of N fertilizer.关键词
小麦/籽粒产量/籽粒含氮量/收获氮/氮素盈余/农业生态区Key words
wheat/grain yield/grain nitrogen content/harvested nitrogen/nitrogen surplus/agro-ecological zones引用本文复制引用
任羡,王丹丹,张翀,巨晓棠..我国小麦籽粒含氮量的空间差异及影响因素[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2025,31(6):1045-1055,11.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(U24A20625) （U24A20625）
海南大学启动经费[KYQD(ZR)-20098,KYQD(ZR)-21028]. （ZR）
