铁道科学与工程学报2025，Vol.22Issue(7)：2872-2885,14.DOI:10.19713/j.cnki.43-1423/u.T20241534
时速400 km高铁隧道洞口U型槽对微气压波的影响
Impact of U-shaped grooves at entrance of high-speed train tunnels on micro-pressure waves at speed of 400 km/h
摘要
Abstract
As high-speed railways continue to develop towards higher speeds,a series of severe aerodynamic issues related to tunnel airflows have emerged.Among these,the influence of the micro-pressure wave at the tunnel entrance,which is significantly affected by train speed,is the most notable.It can cause sonic booms and even lead to structural vibrations.The U-shaped groove,commonly used as a transition section connecting urban tunnels and embankments,may have a serious impact on the micro-pressure wave after it passes through.Therefore,it is essential to study its effects on the micro-pressure wave.This study established a simulation model for the tunnel-U-shaped groove-train-air aerodynamics,and analyzed the effects of U-shaped groove width and slope on the micro-pressure wave.The flow field mechanism of micro-pressure wave propagation under the influence of the U-shaped groove was revealed,and a spatial solid angle formula for micro-pressure waves considering the tunnel entrance U-shaped groove structure was proposed.The results show that the U-shaped groove significantly increases the peak value of the micro-pressure wave.Compared to the scenario where there is no U-shaped groove at the tunnel exit,the micro-pressure wave peak values at 20 m and 50 m from the tunnel exit are increased by 52.62%and 15.41%,respectively.At the same distance,as the height increases,the effect of the U-shaped groove slope on the micro-pressure wave peak gradually weakens.Moreover,vertically,as the height increases,the variation of U-shaped groove width(slope)has a diminishing effect on the enhancement of the micro-pressure wave at the same height within the same cross-section,but there is no significant impact on the micro-pressure wave peak value at different lateral positions at the same height.As the slope of the tunnel exit U-shaped groove increases and its width decreases,the micro-pressure wave peak gradually increases.The spatial solid angle formula for micro-pressure waves considering the tunnel entrance U-shaped groove structure is proposed.The results show that the U-shaped groove significantly increases the peak value of the micro-pressure wave.Compared to the scenario where there is no U-shaped groove at the tunnel exit,the micro-pressure wave peak values at 20 m and 50 m from the tunnel exit are increased by 52.62%and 15.41%,respectively.At the same distance,as the height increases,the effect of the U-shaped groove slope on the micro-pressure wave peak gradually weakens.Moreover,vertically,as the height increases,the variation of U-shaped groove width(slope)has a diminishing effect on the enhancement of the micro-pressure wave at the same height within the same cross-section,but there is no significant impact on the micro-pressure wave peak value at different lateral positions at the same height.As the slope of the tunnel exit U-shaped groove increases and its width decreases,the micro-pressure wave peak gradually increases.The spatial solid angle formula for micro-pressure waves considering the tunnel entrance U-shaped groove structure can effectively predict the peak value of the micro-pressure wave,as well as the variation in slope,width,and distance,with R² values greater than 0.95 in the fitting results.The findings can provide a theoretical basis for the construction of U-shaped grooves at tunnel entrances of high-speed railways operating at 400 km/h.关键词
时速400 km高铁隧道/U型槽/微气压波/流场机制/空间立体角Key words
400 km/h high-speed railway tunnel/U-shaped groove/micro-pressure wave/flow field mechanism/spatial solid angle分类
交通工程引用本文复制引用
杨伟超,王蔚雯,李国志,何洪..时速400 km高铁隧道洞口U型槽对微气压波的影响[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2025,22(7):2872-2885,14.基金项目
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51978670) （51978670）
中国中铁股份有限公司科技研发项目重大专项(2021-专项-04-2) （2021-专项-04-2）
中国中铁股份有限公司科技研究开发计划(2021-重大-01 （）
2022-重大-12) （）
中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划(N2024G018) （N2024G018）
