法医学杂志2025，Vol.41Issue(2)：127-135,9.DOI:10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2024.341002
氯胺酮的分子生物学机制及毒性效应
Molecular Mechanisms and Toxic Effects of Ketamine
摘要
Abstract
Ketamine is a dissociative anesthetic.It is clinically used as a surgical anesthetic or anes-thetic inducer and has a certain degree of mental dependence.Its abuse can lead to nerve damage,ad-verse emotional reactions and other toxic side effects.The primary mechanism by which ketamine exerts its pharmacological effects is to block N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors(NMDAR).It also functions through pathways such as α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isox-azolepropionic acid receptors(AMPAR),opioid receptors,γ-aminobutyric acid(GABA)receptors,monoaminergic receptors,cholinergic recep-tors,hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated(HCN)channels,voltage-gated sodium channels,and L-type voltage-dependent calcium channels(VDCC).This article summarizes the molecular mecha-nism and toxic effects of ketamine's pharmacological functions,in order to provide a basis for foren-sic applications such as the identification of symptomatic phenotypes of ketamine toxic effects and the identification of ketamine abuse.关键词
法医病理学/法医毒理学/氯胺酮/分子生物学机制/毒性效应/综述Key words
forensic pathology/forensic toxicology/ketamine/molecular mechanism/toxic effect/review分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
左雨蒙,韩卫,张建波,李涛..氯胺酮的分子生物学机制及毒性效应[J].法医学杂志,2025,41(2):127-135,9.基金项目
国家自然科学基金资助项目(82072112) （82072112）
陕西省中药管理局资助项目(2021-ZZ-JC037) （2021-ZZ-JC037）
