煤田地质与勘探2025，Vol.53Issue(7)：12-26,15.DOI:10.12363/issn.1001-1986.25.03.0193
北方防沙带干旱半干旱露天矿区水资源保护利用关键技术与途径
Key technologies and approaches for water resource conservation and utilization in arid to semi-arid open-pit coal mining areas in the northern sand prevention belt of China
摘要
Abstract
[Background]The northern sand prevention belt(NSPB)of China is primarily distributed in arid and semi-arid regions such as Xinjiang,Inner Mongolia,Ningxia,and Gansu.This belt exhibits scarce rainfall and intense evapor-ation,which lead to a shortage of water resources and vulnerable ecosystems.In recent years,the large-scale develop-ment of open-pit coal mines has caused increasingly violent mining disturbance in this belt,as well as increasingly prom-inent issues such as a decline in regional groundwater levels and ecological contradictions.To address technical chal-lenges in balancing coal exploitation and water resource conservation in this belt,there is an urgent need to develop a technology system for water resource conservation in open-pit coal mining areas.[Methods and Results]This study in-vestigated the distribution of open-pit coal mines in the NSPB and revealed the regional hydrogeological characteristics such as rainfall,evaporation,water-bearing media,water inflow,and water quality in three typical regions of the NSPB:eastern Inner Mongolia,western Inner Mongolia,and northern Xinjiang.It developed key technologies for the conserva-tion of multiple water sources,including surface water,groundwater,atmospheric condensate water,and mine water in open-pit coal mining areas.These key technologies include(1)a multi-level mine water storage model that integrates surface reservoirs,reinjection into the Quaternary aquifer,and subsurface reservoirs;(2)the interception and storage of surface water;(3)the efficient capture and utilization of atmospheric condensate water;(4)groundwater source control dominated by curtain grouting,and(5)the artificial reconstruction of ecological aquifers in open-pit mining areas.As a result,a technology for three-dimensional water resource conservation in open-pit mining areas is formed.Additionally,this study explored technologies for the treatment of substantial suspended solids in mine water,low-cost and large-scale mine water treatment,and novel ecological precision irrigation in open-pit mining areas.[Conclusions]By establishing a three-dimensional,low-cost,efficient,large-scale,and replicable model for the conservation,treatment,and utilization of water resources for open-pit coal mines in the NSPB and developing a proactive and systematic technical integration system for the conservation,storage,and utilization of surface and subsurface water resources,this study contributes greatly to address the ecological restoration challenges in mining areas characterized by drought and scarce rainfall in the NSPB.The results of this study hold great significance for ensuring water supply for ecological conservation and restor-ation in the NSPB and for serving national strategies such as energy security and ecological civilization construction.关键词
露天开采/多级储水/立体保护技术/水资源利用/矿坑水处理/灌溉利用/北方防沙带Key words
open-pit coal mining/multi-level water storage/technology for three-dimensional water resource conserva-tion/water resource utilization/mine water treatment/irrigation and utilization/northern sand prevention belt(NSPB)分类
矿业与冶金引用本文复制引用
方杰,徐智敏,程伟,逯梓晗,赵勇强,朱宇豪,陈天赐..北方防沙带干旱半干旱露天矿区水资源保护利用关键技术与途径[J].煤田地质与勘探,2025,53(7):12-26,15.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFF1306002) （2023YFF1306002）
