煤田地质与勘探2025，Vol.53Issue(7)：112-127,16.DOI:10.12363/issn.1001-1986.25.04.0267
超大采高土-基型覆岩采动导水裂缝发育规律及控水开采策略
Developmental pattern of water flowing fractured zones in the soil-bedrock-type overburden and water-controlled mining strategy under a super-large mining height
摘要
Abstract
[Background]The heights of water flowing fractured zones represent a key concern in the prevention and control of water disasters occurring in mining face roofs and water resource protection of coal mines.Varying litholo-gies and structures of the overburden are identified as primary factors governing the height and characteristic differences of water flowing fractured zones.[Methods]Against the engineering background of a mining face with 10 m super-large mining height in the Caojiatan Coal Mine of Shaanxi Province,this study investigated the differences in the mining-in-duced responses of the soil-bedrock-type overburden using numerical simulations of stress-seepage coupling and meas-ured heights of water flowing fractured zones in the overburden.Furthermore,this study proposed a water-controlled mining strategy in the presence of composite water bodies in the roof and analyzed the performance of mining using this strategy.[Results and Conclusions]The results indicate that the roof of the mining face with 10 m super high mining height represents a typical overburden structure of the soil-bedrock type.The laterites in the overburden enable fracture healing,resulting in repeat water resistance and thus inhibiting mining-induced fractures.Accordingly,the fractured zone/mining height ratio of the mining face is 22.56,and mining-induced fractures largely propagate below the laterites.Although very few fractures extend to laterites,the overall water resistance of the laterites remains.In this case,the bed-rock and laterites exhibit the variation pattern of traditional water flowing fractured zones.Based on the analysis of the evolution of mining-induced failures in the overburden and the water filling pattern of the roof aquifer,this study pro-posed a water-controlled mining strategy consisting of the precise drainage of static reserves,increased discharge and water diversion for dynamic supply,full-space flow field monitoring,and the prevention of local roof cutting and leak-age.A comprehensive analysis of multiple factors,including water levels in long-term hydrological observation holes,water inflow along the mining face,and hydrochemistry during the mining process,reveals that the mining-induced frac-tures only propagated to bedrock fissures and the aquifer in the weathering zone,while the Quaternary aquifer was unaf-fected by mining.These contribute to the safe and efficient water-controlled mining of the mining face with a super-large mining height.The results of this study can provide a basis for the prevention and control of the overburden failure and water disasters,as well as water resources protection,in mining with super-large mining heights and high mining intens-ity in China.关键词
超大采高/导水裂缝带/土-基型覆岩/耦合数值模拟/采动响应/控水开采Key words
super-large mining height/water flowing fractured zone/soil-bedrock-type overburden/stress-seepage coup-ling numerical simulation/mining-induced response/water-controlled mining分类
矿业与冶金引用本文复制引用
张玉军,华照来,宋业杰,胡皓宇,李嘉伟..超大采高土-基型覆岩采动导水裂缝发育规律及控水开采策略[J].煤田地质与勘探,2025,53(7):112-127,16.基金项目
国家自然科学基金面上项目(52174079) （52174079）
中国煤炭科工集团有限公司创新基金重点项目(2024-TD-ZD019) （2024-TD-ZD019）
