山东科学2025，Vol.38Issue(4)：67-77,11.DOI:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.20240080
威海地区西洋参根腐病病原菌鉴定及生防木霉筛选
Identification of pathogens causing root rot of American ginseng in Weihai and screening of biocontrol Trichoderma strains
摘要
Abstract
In order to explore effective biological control resources for the cultivation of American ginseng,identification of pathogen species and screening of highly effective biocontrol Trichoderma were carried out for the root rot of American ginseng in Weihai.Through tissue isolation,morphological analysis,and dual-gene(ITS/TEF1-α)phylogenetic analysis,the pathogens responsible for root rot were isolated and identified.The pathogenicity was confirmed using Koch's postulates,and the abundance of key pathogens in the rhizosphere soils of diseased and healthy plants was analyzed through quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR).Finally,biocontrol Trichoderma strains were screened through plate antagonism assays and pot experiments.The results showed that 125 fungal strains were isolated from the rotten roots of American ginseng,with Fusarium being the dominant genus,accounting for 70.91％.Four pathogenic strains were identified:F.solani(XYS-1),F.oxysporum(XYS-2),F.proliferatum(XYS-33),and Alternaria alternata(XYS-44).qPCR analysis revealed that the abundance of F.solani,F.oxysporum,and A.alternata in the rhizosphere soils of diseased plants was 42.35％,13.80％,and 33.44％higher,respectively,than healthy plants.Three Trichoderma strains showed significant inhibitory effects against these pathogens.Specifically,strain HB20111 inhibited F.solani by 66.94％,strain KZ23651 inhibited F.oxysporum by 76.00％,and strain QT20747 inhibited A.alternata by 65.20％.Greenhouse pot experiments showed that Trichoderma inoculation increased plant height,root fresh weight,chlorophyll content in the leaf,and root activity of American ginseng while reducing the incidence of root rot.In this study,we identified the pathogens causing the root rot of American ginseng in Weihai and screened biocontrol Trichoderma strains,which provided a foundation for sustainable control of the root rot of American ginseng in this region.关键词
西洋参/根腐病/病原菌鉴定/病原菌丰度/木霉菌/生物防治Key words
American ginseng/root rot/pathogen identification/pathogen abundance/Trichoderma/biocontrol分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
章嘉会,李红梅,陈冬梅,杨翰,扈进冬,李纪顺,魏艳丽..威海地区西洋参根腐病病原菌鉴定及生防木霉筛选[J].山东科学,2025,38(4):67-77,11.基金项目
山东省重点研发计划(重大科技创新工程)项目(2020CXGC010803) （重大科技创新工程）
齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院)科教产融合项目(2024GH21、2020KJC-GH07) （山东省科学院）
