中国水利Issue(15)：46-51,6.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1123.2025.15.007
超标准洪水下中小型水库大坝安全保障与韧性提升对策研究
Safeguarding and enhancing the resilience of small and medium-sized reservoir dams under floods exceeding design standards
摘要
Abstract
China currently has about 95,000 reservoirs,with small and medium-sized ones accounting for over 99%.More than 80%of these reservoirs were constructed before 1980,90.2%are earth-rock dams,and 92%have a dam height of less than 30 meters.These reservoirs commonly face challenges such as inherent construction deficiencies,low flood design standards,and inadequate flood discharge facilities.In recent years,with the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization and the increasing frequency of extreme rainfall events,the assumption of hydrological sequence consistency has been frequently violated.Under the influence of changing environmental conditions and intensified human activities,the risk of overtopping due to floods exceeding design standards has sharply increased for small and medium-sized reservoirs.Based on a review of achievements in dam safety management in China,this paper identifies and analyzes the key scientific and technical challenges in ensuring dam safety and enhancing resilience under floods exceeding design standards.These include the need to clarify the definition of floods exceeding design standards,improve the calculation of design floods and the methods for determining flood standards under changing conditions,and develop new dam surface protection structures and technologies to enhance flood discharge capacity.Corresponding countermeasures are proposed in four aspects:building a sound theoretical framework,optimizing engineering protection,developing emergency response equipment,and improving the technical standards system.关键词
中小型水库/土石坝/超标准洪水/安全保障/韧性提升Key words
small and medium-sized reservoirs/earth-rock dams/floods exceeding design standards/safety safeguarding/resilience enhancement分类
建筑与水利引用本文复制引用
景来红,李宏恩..超标准洪水下中小型水库大坝安全保障与韧性提升对策研究[J].中国水利,2025,(15):46-51,6.基金项目
国家重点研发计划(2024YFC3210600). （2024YFC3210600）
