摘要
Abstract
Coal gangue is a solid waste produced in the process of coal mining and washing.Its large accumulation not only occupies valuable land resources,but also poses serious harm to the ecological environment.Coal gangue con-tains a large amount of inorganic nutrients required for plant growth and a small amount of organic matter,which has the potential to prepare high-performance fertilizers.In this paper,the mineral composition and physicochemical prop-erties of coal gangue were analyzed,and the impact mechanism of coal gangue on soil gas environment,soil tempera-ture,soil water storage and moisture retention capacity,and soil nutrients was summarized.The unique physicoche-mical properties of coal gangue can increase the microbial content in the soil,enhance soil fertility,soil permeability,and water storage and soil moisture retention capacity.The organic matter and inorganic nutrients in the coal gangue serve as important material foundations for soil ecosystems and can improve soil structure.The methods of making fertilizer from coal gangue mainly include activating beneficial elements and adding beneficial elements.According to the difference of element composition and production process,coal gangue-based fertilizers can be roughly divided into three categories:coal gangue compound fertilizers prepared by mixing coal gangue with other raw materials,coal gangue elemental fertilizers that extract beneficial elements from coal gangue,and microbial fertilizers prepared by microbial action.Finally,key common issues in the technology of making fertilizers from coal gangue were pointed out,such as heavy metal pollution,insufficient market recognition of fertilizers,and significant regional differences in the composition of coal gangue and so on.关键词
煤矸石/土壤改良/活化/土壤肥力/保墒能力/复合肥料/微生物肥料Key words
coal gangue/soil improvement/activation/soil fertility/moisture conservation capacity/compound fer-tilizer/microbial fertilizer分类
矿业与冶金
