生物技术通报2025，Vol.41Issue(8)：11-21,11.DOI:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2025-0191
靶向诱变介导的微生物进化技术研究进展
Research Advances in Targeted Mutagenesis-mediated Microbial Evolutionary Engineering
摘要
Abstract
Natural mutations in organism's genomes confer diverse traits that facilitate evolutionary adaptation to environmental challenges.However,the slow evolutionary rates inherent to natural settings limit their practical utility.Strategies involving targeted base modifications at specific DNA sequences enable accelerated laboratory evolution,which has been widely applied in non-rational protein engineering and metabolic pathway optimization.Nevertheless,conventional mutagenesis methods remain labor-intensive,suffer from low efficiency,and lack targeting precision.In contrast,targeted mutagenesis technologies introduce mutations at precisely defined genomic loci,significantly improving efficiency and shortening evolution cycles.In recent years,targeted mutagenesis has emerged as a key area of research in microbial evolutionary engineering.These technologies enhance the optimization of microbial metabolic pathways,improve stress tolerance in chassis strains,and have found widespread applications in biocatalysis,environmental remediation,and industrial fermentation.This review summarizes recent advances in targeted mutagenesis systems developed for key microbial chassis organisms,focusing on the design principles and applications of error-prone replication systems,CRISPR-Cas-mediated mutagenesis systems,and the MutaT7 mutagenesis system.Additionally,it analyzes the strengths and limitations of current laboratory evolution systems and discusses future prospects for precision-targeted mutagenesis technologies.关键词
定向进化/靶向突变/基因编辑/RNA聚合酶/CRISPR-CasKey words
directed evolution/targeted mutagenesis/gene editing/RNA polymerase/CRISPR-Cas引用本文复制引用
刁辰洋,崔有志,李炳志..靶向诱变介导的微生物进化技术研究进展[J].生物技术通报,2025,41(8):11-21,11.基金项目
国家重点研发计划(2024YFA0916500) （2024YFA0916500）
