中国畜牧杂志2025，Vol.61Issue(8)：69-76,8.DOI:10.19556/j.0258-7033.20250415-02
从组装到应用:猪高质量染色体级基因组的挑战与突破
From Assembly to Application:Challenges and Breakthroughs in High Quality Chromosome Level Pig Genome Assembly
摘要
Abstract
The pig(Sus scrofa)is an important domestic animal,serving not only as a major source of animal protein for humans but also as a widely used model organism in biomedical research due to its physiological similarity to humans.China is home to 89 indigenous pig breeds,many of which are facing threats such as germplasm degradation and endangerment.This underscores the urgent need to leverage genomic technologies for the conservation of these genetic resources.With the rapid development of sequencing technologies,the construction of high-quality,chromosome-level genome assemblies has become a crucial tool for elucidating the genetic architecture of pigs and promoting precision breeding.This review outlines the evolution of pig reference genomes from first-to third-generation sequencing platforms,introduces various auxiliary assembly strategies and their application scenarios,and compares key metrics—such as scaffold N50,BUSCO completeness,and the number of assembly gaps—across existing chromosome-level pig genome assemblies.While the overall quality of current pig genomes is high,there remains room for improvement in assembling repetitive regions and achieving standardization across assemblies.This review also highlights several ongoing challenges in pig genome research,including the lack of unified evaluation criteria and the limited translational application of functional genomic findings.Looking ahead,advancements such as telomere-to-telomere(T2T)assembly,pangenome construction,single-cell technologies,and the integration of multi-omics approaches are expected to drive pig genome research towards greater precision and broader application.关键词
猪/测序技术/基因组组装Key words
Pig/Sequencing technology/Genome assembly分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
郑卓也,牛欣然,邢凯,王楚端..从组装到应用:猪高质量染色体级基因组的挑战与突破[J].中国畜牧杂志,2025,61(8):69-76,8.基金项目
农业生物育种国家科技重大专项(2023ZD0404604) （2023ZD0404604）
国家重点研发计划(2023YFD1300400) （2023YFD1300400）
财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-35) （CARS-35）
